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Memory management on the IBM family was made complex by the need to maintain backward compatibility to the original PC design [1] and real-mode DOS, while allowing computer users to take advantage of large amounts of low-cost memory and new generations of processors.
In DOS memory management, conventional memory, also called base memory, is the first 640 kilobytes of the memory on IBM PC or compatible systems. It is the read-write memory directly addressable by the processor for use by the operating system and application programs.
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IBM computers had BASIC 1.1 in ROM, and IBM's versions of BASIC used code in this ROM-BASIC, which allowed for extra memory in the code area. BASICA last appeared in IBM PC DOS 5.02, and in OS/2 (2.0 and later), the version had ROM-BASIC moved into the program code.
IBM PC DOS (an acronym for IBM Personal Computer Disk Operating System), [nb 1] also known as PC DOS or IBM DOS, is a discontinued disk operating system for the IBM Personal Computer, its successors, and IBM PC compatibles. It was sold by IBM from the early 1980s into the 2000s.
The category DOS on IBM PC compatibles contains articles related to MS-DOS, ... DOS memory management (2 C, 26 P) DOS people (1 C, 8 P) DOS software (11 C, 166 P)
IBM DOS 4.0 supports Lotus-Intel-Microsoft EMS 4.0 on IBM's Expanded Memory Adapter, and is the first MS-DOS/PC DOS version that is "EMS-aware" and can use the EMS memory when it is available. [115] DOS 4 supports hard disk partitions over 32 MB, up to 1024 MB. [355]
Extended memory is located above 1 MB, includes the high memory area, and ends at 16 MB on the Intel 286 and at 4 GB on the Intel 386DX and later. In DOS memory management, extended memory refers to memory above the first megabyte (2 20 bytes) of address space in an IBM PC or compatible with an 80286 or later processor.