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Structure of a typical L-alpha-amino acid in the "neutral" form. Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. [1] Although over 500 amino acids exist in nature, by far the most important are the 22 α-amino acids incorporated into proteins. [2]
This is the standard genetic code (NCBI table 1), in amino acid→codon form. By default it is the DNA code; for the RNA code (using Uracil rather than Thymine), add template parameter "T=U". Also listed are the compressed codon forme, using IUPAC nucleic acid notation. It's referenced in a couple of places, so have a single master copy.
The first figure shows rainbow boxes displaying the properties of amino acids. In rainbow boxes, the elements are shown in columns (e.g. the amino acids), and each set is represented by a rectangular box (e.g. the groups of amino acids sharing a given property). Each box covers the columns corresponding to the elements belonging to its set.
Tryptophan ball and stick model spinning. Tryptophan (symbol Trp or W) [3] is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.Tryptophan contains an α-amino group, an α-carboxylic acid group, and a side chain indole, making it a polar molecule with a non-polar aromatic beta carbon substituent.
A conservative replacement (also called a conservative mutation or a conservative substitution or a homologous replacement) is an amino acid replacement in a protein that changes a given amino acid to a different amino acid with similar biochemical properties (e.g. charge, hydrophobicity and size). [1] [2]
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This is a list of chemical elements and their atomic properties, ordered by atomic number (Z). Since valence electrons are not clearly defined for the d-block and f-block elements, there not being a clear point at which further ionisation becomes unprofitable, a purely formal definition as number of electrons in the outermost shell has been used.