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The Lun-class ekranoplan (Soviet classification: Project 903) [1] is the only ground effect vehicle (GEV) to ever be operationally deployed as a warship, deploying in the Caspian Flotilla. It was designed by Rostislav Alexeyev in 1975 and used by the Soviet and later Russian navies from 1987 until sometime in the late 1990s. [2] [3]
Ekranoplan A-90 Orlyonok. A ground-effect vehicle (GEV), also called a wing-in-ground-effect (WIGE or WIG), ground-effect craft/machine (GEM), wingship, flarecraft, surface effect vehicle or ekranoplan (Russian: экранопла́н – "screenglider"), is a vehicle that is able to move over the surface by gaining support from the reactions of the air against the surface of the earth or water.
The A-90 Orlyonok (Russian: Орлёнок, English: "Eaglet") is a Soviet ekranoplan that was designed by Rostislav Evgenievich Alexeyev of the Central Hydrofoil Design Bureau. The A-90 uses ground effect to fly a few meters above the surface. The Russians classify it as Ekranoplan Class B – it can achieve an altitude of 3,000 m (9,800 ft ...
Lun-class ekranoplan - Only GEV to be used as a warship; A-90 Orlyonok - Amphibious transport GEV; Beriev Be-2500 - Proposed heavy transport GEV; Aqualet - New 2011 Russian development of Ground Effect Vehicle; Chaika A-050 < "A-050 Chaika-2". globalsecurity.org; А-300-538; A-080-752
The KM was an experimental aircraft developed from 1964 to 1966, during a time when the Soviet Union saw interest in ground effect vehicles—airplane-like vehicles that use ground effect to fly several meters above surfaces, primarily bodies of water (such as the Caspian Sea).
In 1962, Alexeyev began working at the Central Hydrofoil Design Bureau which specialized in the secret development of ground-effect vehicles, named ekranoplans. In the 1950s the Soviet Union saw a great interest in ground-effect vehicles, which at the time were largely ignored by the rest of the world, and had been developing them at a rapid pace.
In the mid-1950s, Bartini became involved in ground-effect vehicles, named ekranoplans, in which the Soviet government developed a great interest. The extensive development of these vehicles led to Bartini's first output in 1964, with the Be-1, a small prototype ekranoplan made for research by the Beriev Design Bureau.
The concept is thought to have some connection with the Lun-class ekranoplan of the 1970s. [3] ... Range in ground effect: 10,700 km (6,600 mi; 5,800 nmi)