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Corpus linguistics is an empirical method for the study of language by way of a text corpus (plural corpora). [1] Corpora are balanced, often stratified collections of authentic, "real world", text of speech or writing that aim to represent a given linguistic variety . [ 1 ]
A corpus may contain texts in a single language (monolingual corpus) or text data in multiple languages (multilingual corpus).In order to make the corpora more useful for doing linguistic research, they are often subjected to a process known as annotation.
Text corpora (singular: text corpus) are large and structured sets of texts, which have been systematically collected.Text corpora are used by both AI developers to train large language models and corpus linguists and within other branches of linguistics for statistical analysis, hypothesis testing, finding patterns of language use, investigating language change and variation, and teaching ...
Mukherjee, J.: "Corpus linguistics and English reference grammars" in A. Renouf (Ed.): The Changing Face of Corpus Linguistics: Papers from the 24th International Conference on English Language Research on Computerized Corpora (ICAME 24), Amsterdam: Rodopi, pp. 337–354 . Parker, F.: "Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English.
The Brown Corpus was a carefully compiled selection of current American English, totalling about a million words drawn from a wide variety of sources. Kučera and Francis subjected it to a variety of computational analyses, from which they compiled a rich and variegated opus, combining elements of linguistics, psychology, statistics, and sociology.
The Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) is composed of one billion words as of November 2021. [1] [2] [4] The corpus is constantly growing: In 2009 it contained more than 385 million words; [5] in 2010 the corpus grew in size to 400 million words; [6] by March 2019, [7] the corpus had grown to 560 million words.
The American National Corpus (ANC) is a text corpus of American English containing 22 million words of written and spoken data produced since 1990. Currently, the ANC includes a range of genres, including emerging genres such as email, tweets, and web data that are not included in earlier corpora such as the British National Corpus .
In corpus linguistics, treebanks are used to study syntactic phenomena (for example, diachronic corpora can be used to study the time course of syntactic change). Once parsed, a corpus will contain frequency evidence showing how common different grammatical structures are in use.