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Determining pregnancy status can be difficult due to the animal's large belly. The female's mammary glands occupy the space between the front legs, which puts the suckling calf within reach of the female's trunk. [77] Elephants have a unique organ, the temporal gland, located on both sides of the head.
While male Asian elephants have tusks, female Asian elephants do not grow tusks. However, about 50% of the female population grows smaller incisors that sometimes protrude under the upper lip like ...
African elephants have grey folded skin up to 30 mm (1.2 in) thick that is covered with sparse, bristled dark-brown to black hair. Short tactile hair grows on the trunk, which has two finger-like processes at the tip, whereas Asian elephants only have one. [7] Their large ears help to reduce body heat.
Generally, the female conceives after two or three matings. Though the female has plenty of room in her uterus for twins, twins are rarely conceived. Gestation lasts 22 months. Based on the maturity, fertility, and gestation rates, African forest elephants have the capacity to increase their population by 5% annually under ideal conditions. [54]
The desire for ivory has made elephants popular targets for illegal poaching, and it can have a devastating impact on The Multifaceted Role of Elephant Tusks: Tools, Weapons, and Cultural Symbols ...
African elephant heads are completely rounded and large, while Asian elephant heads form two hills or humps on the top, with a line down the center of their face. African Elephant vs. Asian ...
The elephants collapsed when the toxin impaired their motor functions and their legs became paralysed. Poaching, intentional poisoning, and anthrax were excluded as potential causes. [85] Elephants may also be host for a variety of parasites and bacteria such as Pasteurella, [86] Salmonella, Clostridium, [87] coccidian, nematode, and trematode ...
Elephants have skin that is typically 2.5 cm thick. The folds and wrinkles in their skin may store as much as 10 times as much water as smooth skin, helping to keep them cool.