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In the Roman period, Demeter became conflated with the Roman agricultural goddess Ceres through interpretatio romana. [74] The worship of Demeter has formally merged with that of Ceres around 205 BC, along with the ritus graecia cereris , a Greek-inspired form of cult, as part of Rome's general religious recruitment of deities as allies against ...
In ancient Roman religion, Ceres (/ ˈ s ɪər iː z / SEER-eez, [1] [2] Latin:) was a goddess of agriculture, grain crops, fertility and motherly relationships. [3] She was originally the central deity in Rome's so-called plebeian or Aventine Triad, then was paired with her daughter Proserpina in what Romans described as "the Greek rites of Ceres".
A votive plaque known as the Ninnion Tablet depicting elements of the Eleusinian Mysteries, discovered in the sanctuary at Eleusis (mid-4th century BC). The Eleusinian Mysteries (Greek: Ἐλευσίνια Μυστήρια, romanized: Eleusínia Mystḗria) were initiations held every year for the cult of Demeter and Persephone based at the Panhellenic Sanctuary of Eleusis in ancient Greece.
The Roman cult of Mother and Maiden named Proserpina as queen of the underworld, spouse to Rome's king of the underworld, Dis pater, and daughter to Ceres. The cult's functions, framework of myths and roles involved the agricultural cycle, seasonal death and rebirth, dutiful daughterhood and motherly care.
Fertility symbols were generally considered to have been used since Prehistoric times for encouraging fertility in women, although it is also used to show creation in some cultures. Wedding cakes are a form of fertility symbols. In Ancient Rome, the custom was for the groom to break a cakes over the bride's head to symbolize the end of the ...
Cornucopia of a Roman statue of Livia as Fortuna, 42-52 AD, marble, Altes Museum, Berlin.. In classical antiquity, the cornucopia (/ ˌ k ɔːr n (j) ə ˈ k oʊ p i ə,-n (j) uː-/; from Latin cornu 'horn' and copia 'abundance'), also called the horn of plenty, was a symbol of abundance and nourishment, commonly a large horn-shaped container overflowing with produce, flowers, or nuts.
Farming was important to Roman identity, and Saturn was a part of archaic Roman religion and ethnic identity. His name appears in the ancient hymn of the Salian priests, [16] and his temple was the oldest known in the records of the pontiffs. Quintus Lucilius Balbus gives a separate etymology in Cicero's De Natura Deorum. [9]
Plutus is most commonly the son of Demeter [1] and Iasion, [2] with whom she lay in a thrice-ploughed field. He is alternatively the son of the fortune goddess Tyche. [3]Two ancient depictions of Plutus, one of him as a little boy standing with a cornucopia before Demeter, and another inside the cornucopia being handed to Demeter by a goddess rising out of the earth, perhaps implying that he ...