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The French Geodesic Mission to the Equator (French: Expédition géodésique française en Équateur), also called the French Geodesic Mission to Peru and the Spanish-French Geodesic Mission, was an 18th-century expedition to what is now Ecuador carried out for the purpose of performing an arc measurement, measuring the length of a degree of latitude near the Equator, by which the Earth's ...
In 1736 Spanish scientists Jorge Juan y Santacilia and Antonio de Ulloa, sent by the French Academy on a French Geodesic Mission to measure a degree of meridian arc at the equator, arrived in the Viceroyalty colony. Jorge Juan y Santacilia had sailed on the same ship as Viceroy Mendoza.
The early work of the French Geodesic Mission, led by Charles Marie de La Condamine, was delayed and hindered by lack of cooperation from the local Spanish authorities. Indeed, in 1737 a personal dispute between Ulloa and the president of the Real Audiencia de Quito , Joseph de Araujo y Río, reached such a pitch that Araujo ordered the arrest ...
Charles Marie de La Condamine (French: [la kɔ̃damin]; 28 January 1701 – 4 February 1774) was a French explorer, geographer, and mathematician.He spent ten years in territory which is now Ecuador, measuring the length of a degree of latitude at the equator and preparing the first map of the Amazon region based on astro-geodetic observations.
Pedro Vicente Maldonado y Flores (November 24, 1704 in Riobamba, Royal Audience of Quito (today's Ecuador) – November 7, 1748 in London, England) was an Ecuadorian scientist who collaborated with the members of the French Geodesic Mission. As well as a physicist and a mathematician, Maldonado was an astronomer, topographer, and geographer.
In 1736 the French Geodesic Mission led by La Condamine and Jorge Juan y Antonio de Ulloa came to Ecuador in representation of Spain. It is not certainly known if La Condamine stayed at Guachalá, but it is confirmed that part of the Mission recognized the Cayambe Valley and stayed there, establishing Cerro Pambamarca as a reference point.
The placement of the equatorial line was defined throughout a 1736 expedition called the French Geodesic Mission.While such studies would later determine the exact measure and shape of the world, astronomers involved missed the possibility of encountering the remnants of highly sophisticated geographical achievements made on “Equatorial” territory for hundreds of years before their arrival.
Général Georges-François Perrier (28 October 1872 – 16 February 1946) was a French geodesist and military general. [5] From 1922 to 1946, [note 1] he served as secretary general of the International Association of Geodesy and from 1922 to 1945 as 1st editor-in-chief of the Bulletin Géodésique.