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More formally, neutrino flavor eigenstates (creation and annihilation combinations) are not the same as the neutrino mass eigenstates (simply labeled "1", "2", and "3"). As of 2024, it is not known which of these three is the heaviest. The neutrino mass hierarchy consists of two possible configurations. In analogy with the mass hierarchy of the ...
This results in a changing superposition mixture of mass eigenstates as the neutrino travels; but a different mixture of mass eigenstates corresponds to a different mixture of flavor states. For example, a neutrino born as an electron neutrino will be some mixture of electron, mu, and tau neutrino after traveling some distance. Since the ...
The problem of neutrino mass hierarchy is related to the fact that present experimental data on neutrino oscillations allow two possible classes of solutions. [ 1 ] In the first class, called Normal Hierarchy (NH) or Normal Ordering (NO), the two lightest mass eigenstates have a small mass difference, of the order of 10 meV, while the third ...
A distinction can thus be made between, for example, the mass and interaction eigenstates of the neutrino. The former is the state that propagates in free space, whereas the latter is the different state that participates in interactions. Which is the "fundamental" particle? For the neutrino, it is conventional to define the "flavor" (ν e, ν ...
Correspondingly, the mass eigenstates and eigenvalues of change, which means that the neutrinos in matter now have a different effective mass than they did in vacuum: ,,. Since neutrino oscillations depend upon the squared mass difference of the neutrinos, neutrino oscillations experience different dynamics than they did in vacuum.
Neutrino mixing angles (PMNS matrix), describing the mixing between the mass and flavour eigenstates of neutrinos, which explains neutrino oscillations; Quark mixing angles including the Cabbibo angle , describing the mixing between the mass and flavour eigenstates of quarks
Observations of neutrino oscillation established experimentally that for neutrinos, as for quarks, these two eigenbases are different – they are 'rotated' relative to each other. Consequently, each flavor eigenstate can be written as a combination of mass eigenstates, called a "superposition", and vice versa.
In other words, there are no mass-generating terms for neutrinos under the Standard Model: For each generation, the model only contains a left-handed neutrino and its antiparticle, a right-handed antineutrino, each of which is produced in weak eigenstates during weak interactions; the "sterile" neutrinos are omitted.