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Dimethyl sulfone (DMSO 2) is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 SO 2. It is also known by several other names including methyl sulfone and (especially in alternative medicine) methylsulfonylmethane (MSM). [4] This colorless solid features the sulfonyl functional group and is the simplest of the sulfones. It is relatively inert ...
The sulfonyl chlorides and fluorides are of dominant importance in this series. [1] [2] Sulfonyl halides have tetrahedral sulfur centres attached to two oxygen atoms, an organic radical, and a halide. In a representative example, methanesulfonyl chloride, the S=O, S−C, and S−Cl bond distances are respectively 142.4, 176.3, and 204.6 pm. [3]
Methanesulfonyl chloride (mesyl chloride) is an organosulfur compound with the formula CH 3 SO 2 Cl. Using the organic pseudoelement symbol Ms for the methanesulfonyl (or mesyl) group CH 3 SO 2 –, it is frequently abbreviated MsCl in reaction schemes or equations. It is a colourless liquid that dissolves in polar organic solvents but is ...
However, the use of dichloromethane is avoided since it can generate highly explosive azido-chloromethane and diazidomethane. The reaction may also instead be conducted in toluene, [3] acetonitrile, or pyridine. [4] Tf 2 O + NaN 3 → TfN 3 + NaOTf (Tf = CF 3 SO 2) An alternative route starts from imidazole-1-sulfonyl azide. [5]
Methanesulfonyl azide melts at 18 °C and decomposes from 120 °C. [1] Like many other azides, it is explosive. [3] At low temperature, methanesulfonyl azide crystallizes in the triclinic crystal system in the space group P1 with the lattice parameters a = 5.6240 Å; b = 5.9498 Å, c = 7.6329 Å, α = 72.216°, β = 70.897°, and γ = 88.601°, and two molecules per unit cell.
Ms 2 O may be prepared by the dehydration of methanesulfonic acid with phosphorus pentoxide. [2] P 2 O 5 + 6 CH 3 SO 3 H → 3 (CH 3 SO 2) 2 O + 2 H 3 PO 4. Ms 2 O can be purified by distillation under vacuum (distillation of a solid) or by recrystallization from Methyl tert-butyl ether/toluene.
Methyl trifluoromethanesulfonate, also commonly called methyl triflate and abbreviated MeOTf, is the organic compound with the formula CF 3 SO 2 OCH 3. It is a colourless liquid which finds use in organic chemistry as a powerful methylating agent. [2] The compound is closely related to methyl fluorosulfonate (FSO 2 OCH 3).
The half-life is short in aqueous solutions (110 min at pH 7, 55 min at pH 7.5, and 35 min at pH 8, all at 25 °C). [2] At 4˚C, pH 8, PMSF is almost completely degraded after 1 day. [ 2 ] Stock solutions are usually made up in anhydrous ethanol , isopropanol , or corn oil and diluted immediately before use.