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In algebraic geometry, a cone is a generalization of a vector bundle. Specifically, given a scheme X , the relative Spec C = Spec X R {\displaystyle C=\operatorname {Spec} _{X}R}
The cone over a closed interval I of the real line is a filled-in triangle (with one of the edges being I), otherwise known as a 2-simplex (see the final example). The cone over a polygon P is a pyramid with base P. The cone over a disk is the solid cone of classical geometry (hence the concept's name). The cone over a circle given by
This is a list of algebraic topology topics. Homology (mathematics) ... Mapping cone (topology) Wedge sum; ... Example: DE-9IM. Homological algebra
An affine convex cone is the set resulting from applying an affine transformation to a convex cone. [8] A common example is translating a convex cone by a point p: p + C. Technically, such transformations can produce non-cones. For example, unless p = 0, p + C is not a linear cone. However, it is still called an affine convex cone.
Dupin cyclides, inversions of a cylinder, torus, or double cone in a sphere; Gabriel's horn; Right circular conoid; Roman surface or Steiner surface, a realization of the real projective plane in real affine space; Tori, surfaces of revolution generated by a circle about a coplanar axis
The cone of curves is defined to be the convex cone of linear combinations of curves with nonnegative real coefficients in the real vector space () of 1-cycles modulo numerical equivalence. The vector spaces N 1 ( X ) {\displaystyle N^{1}(X)} and N 1 ( X ) {\displaystyle N_{1}(X)} are dual to each other by the intersection pairing, and the nef ...
A Euclidean algebra is said to be special if its central decomposition contains no copies of the Albert algebra. Since the Albert algebra cannot be generated by two elements, it follows that a Euclidean Jordan algebra generated by two elements is special. This is the Shirshov–Cohn theorem for Euclidean Jordan algebras. [5]
The definition of the tangent cone can be extended to abstract algebraic varieties, and even to general Noetherian schemes. Let X be an algebraic variety, x a point of X, and (O X,x, m) be the local ring of X at x. Then the tangent cone to X at x is the spectrum of the associated graded ring of O X,x with respect to the m-adic filtration: