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There are also emerging and secular forms of natural law theory that define human rights as derivative of the notion of universal human dignity. [7] "Dignity" is a key term for the discussion of human rights. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights does not justify its claims on any philosophical basis, but rather it simply appeals to human ...
Moral universalism (also called moral objectivism) is the meta-ethical position that some system of ethics, or a universal ethic, applies universally, that is, for "all similarly situated individuals", [1] regardless of culture, race, sex, religion, nationality, sexual orientation, gender identity, or any other distinguishing feature. [2]
Ethics (also known as moral philosophy) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality. The word "ethics" is "commonly used interchangeably with 'morality' ... and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a particular tradition, group, or individual."
The 1948 United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights is an important legal instrument enshrining one conception of natural rights into international soft law. Natural rights were traditionally viewed as exclusively negative rights, [6] whereas human rights also comprise positive rights. [7] Even on a natural rights conception of human ...
Moral absolutism, commonly known as black-and-white morality, is an ethical view that most, if not all actions are intrinsically right or wrong, regardless of context or consequence. Comparison with other ethical theories
The term inalienable rights (or unalienable rights) refers to "a set of human rights that are fundamental, are not awarded by human power, and cannot be surrendered". The adherence to the principle of indivisibility by the international community was reaffirmed in 1995: All human rights are universal, indivisible and interdependent and related.
Natural law or the law of nature refers to normative properties that are inherent by virtue of human nature and universally cognizable through human reason. Historically, natural law refers to the use of reason to analyze both social and personal human nature to deduce binding rules of moral behavior. The law of nature, being determined by ...
Postmodern ethics instead focuses on how moral demands arise in specific situations as one encounters other people. [76] The practices of compassion and loving-kindness are key elements of Buddhist ethics. Ethical egoism is the view that people should act in their self-interest or that an action is morally right if the person acts for their own ...