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The simplest of methoxy compounds are methanol and dimethyl ether. Other methoxy ethers include anisole and vanillin. Many metal alkoxides contain methoxy groups, such as tetramethyl orthosilicate and titanium methoxide. Esters with a methoxy group can be referred to as methyl esters, and the —COOCH 3 substituent is called a methoxycarbonyl. [1]
Combining the names of functional groups with the names of the parent alkanes generates what is termed a systematic nomenclature for naming organic compounds. In traditional nomenclature, the first carbon atom after the carbon that attaches to the functional group is called the alpha carbon ; the second, beta carbon, the third, gamma carbon, etc.
To avoid long and tedious names in normal communication, the official IUPAC naming recommendations are not always followed in practice, except when it is necessary to give an unambiguous and absolute definition to a compound. IUPAC names can sometimes be simpler than older names, as with ethanol, instead of ethyl alcohol. For relatively simple ...
In organic chemistry, a substituent is one or a group of atoms that replaces (one or more) atoms, thereby becoming a moiety in the resultant (new) molecule. [1] ( In organic chemistry and biochemistry, the terms substituent and functional group, as well as side chain and pendant group, are used almost interchangeably to describe those branches from the parent structure, [2] though certain ...
Because the S 2− anion has a subscript of 2 in the formula (giving a 4− charge), the compound must be balanced with a 4+ charge on the Pb cation (lead can form cations with a 4+ or a 2+ charge). Thus, the compound is made of one Pb 4+ cation to every two S 2− anions, the compound is balanced, and its name is written as lead(IV) sulfide.
Chemical formula Synonyms CAS number CAgO carbonylsilver: CCl 2 F 2: dichlorodifluoromethane freon-12: 75-71-8 CCl 4: carbon tetrachloride tetrachloromethane: 56-23-5 C(CN) 4: tetracyanomethane: 24331-09-7 CFCl 3: trichlorofluoromethane freon-11: 75-69-4 CFCl 2 CF 2 Cl: chlorotrifluoromethane freon-13: 75-72-9 CHCl 3: chloroform ...
The mesomeric effect is negative (–M) when the substituent is an electron-withdrawing group, and the effect is positive (+M) when the substituent is an electron donating group. Below are two examples of the +M and –M effect. Additionally, the functional groups that contribute to each type of resonance are given below.
The trivial names for simple ethers (i.e., those with none or few other functional groups) are a composite of the two substituents followed by "ether". For example, ethyl methyl ether (CH 3 OC 2 H 5), diphenylether (C 6 H 5 OC 6 H 5). As for other organic compounds, very common ethers acquired names before rules for nomenclature were formalized.