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The path integral formulation is a description in quantum mechanics that generalizes the stationary action principle of classical mechanics.It replaces the classical notion of a single, unique classical trajectory for a system with a sum, or functional integral, over an infinity of quantum-mechanically possible trajectories to compute a quantum amplitude.
Feynman's algorithm is an algorithm that is used to simulate the operations of a quantum computer on a classical computer. It is based on the Path integral formulation of quantum mechanics , which was formulated by Richard Feynman .
In 1947, when Kac and Feynman were both faculty members at Cornell University, Kac attended a presentation of Feynman's and remarked that the two of them were working on the same thing from different directions. [1] The Feynman–Kac formula resulted, which proves rigorously the real-valued case of Feynman's path integrals. The complex case ...
This is closely tied to the functional integral formulation of quantum mechanics, also invented by Feynman—see path integral formulation. The naïve application of such calculations often produces diagrams whose amplitudes are infinite , because the short-distance particle interactions require a careful limiting procedure, to include particle ...
Feynman parametrization is a technique for evaluating loop integrals which arise from Feynman diagrams with one or more loops. However, it is sometimes useful in integration in areas of pure mathematics as well.
Action principles are "integral" approaches rather than the "differential" approach of Newtonian mechanics.[2]: 162 The core ideas are based on energy, paths, an energy function called the Lagrangian along paths, and selection of a path according to the "action", a continuous sum or integral of the Lagrangian along the path.
The action corresponding to the various paths is used to calculate the path integral, which gives the probability amplitudes of the various outcomes. Although equivalent in classical mechanics with Newton's laws , the action principle is better suited for generalizations and plays an important role in modern physics.
Line integral, the integral of a function along a curve; Contour integral, the integral of a complex function along a curve used in complex analysis; Functional integration, the integral of a functional over a space of curves; Path integral formulation, Richard Feynman's formulation of quantum mechanics using functional integration