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The First Empire of Haiti, [1] officially known as the Empire of Haiti [2] [3] (French: Empire d'Haïti; [4] Haitian Creole: Anpi an Ayiti), [5] was an elective monarchy in North America. Haiti was controlled by France before declaring independence on 1 January 1804. The Governor-General of Haiti, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, created the empire on ...
King Henri I of the Kingdom of Haiti. The Kingdom of Haiti, [1] or Kingdom of Hayti [2] (French: Royaume d'Haïti; [3] [4] Haitian Creole: Wayòm an Ayiti), was the state established by Henri Christophe on 28 March 1811 when he proclaimed himself King Henri I after having previously ruled as president of the State of Haiti, in the northern part of the country.
The main street in Port-au-Prince (Grande-Rue) was renamed Boulevard Jean-Jacques-Dessalines in his honor. It is the main commercial in the downtown area going from the north part to the south part. Many streets, avenues, and boulevards in Haiti carry the name of Dessalines, Jean-Jacques, or Jacques 1st.
His descendants continued to be among the powerful of Haiti. Pierre Nord Alexis, President of Haiti from 1902 to 1908, was Christophe's grandson. [27] Michèle Bennett, who married Jean-Claude Duvalier and was First Lady of Haiti during his administration (1980 to 1986), is Christophe's great-great-great-granddaughter. [28] [29]
The monarchs of Haiti (French: monarques d'Haïti, Haitian Creole: Monak Ayiti) were the heads of state and rulers of Haiti on three non-consecutive occasions in the 19th century. With complete independence achieved from France in 1804, Haiti became an independent monarchy—the First Empire of Haiti (1804–1806).
With this declaration, Haiti became the first independent Black nation in the Western Hemisphere. [12] [13] Jean-Jacques Dessalines became the first ruler of an independent Haiti under the 1805 constitution. He was Governor-General of Haiti from January 1st, 1804, to September 2nd, 1804, and Emperor of Haiti from September 2nd, 1804, to October ...
The 1804 Haiti massacre, also referred to as the Haitian genocide, [1] [2] [3] was carried out by Afro-Haitian soldiers, mostly former slaves, under orders from Jean-Jacques Dessalines against much of the remaining European population in Haiti, which mainly included French people.
Empire of Haiti may refer to: First Empire of Haiti , the regime under Jean-Jacques Dessalines (Jacques I) from 1804 to 1806 Second Empire of Haiti , the regime under Faustin Soulouque (Faustin I) from 1849 to 1859