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Various protections are built into the stations to cause shutdown before major damage is caused. Some hydroelectric power station failures may go beyond the immediate loss of generation capacity, including destruction of the turbine itself, reservoir breach and significant destruction of national grid infrastructure downstream. These can take ...
Francis inlet scroll at the Grand Coulee Dam Side-view cutaway of a vertical Francis turbine. Here water enters horizontally in a spiral-shaped pipe (spiral case) wrapped around the outside of the turbine's rotating runner and exits vertically down through the center of the turbine. The Francis turbine is a type of water turbine.
The two engineers worked on improving the turbine. And in 1848, Francis and Boyden successfully improved the turbine with what is now known as the Francis turbine. Francis's turbine eclipsed the Boyden turbine in power by 90%. In 1855, Francis published these findings in the "Lowell Hydraulic Experiments". [8]
The power plant has three Francis Turbines. [5] It delivers a maximum of 44 MW, and has potential annual production of 200 GWH. [3] Between 1991 and 2001 it provided, on average, 45% of Rwanda's electricity, 17% of Burundi's electricity and 21% of the DRC's electricity. [6] The plant has suffered from technical problems and poor management.
Old Francis turbine at Tellisford Mill. Part of the Mendip Power Group, [2] the mill was restored to power in April 2007 using a German-made 55 kW vertically mounted Kaplan turbine, which is expected to produce on average 270 megawatt-hours (970 GJ) per year. [3] [4] The turbine replaced a 6 kW (8.0 hp) Francis turbine built in 1895. [2]
On 2 May 1990, the 180 MW Francis turbine-generator running at full speed was instantaneously stopped by a foreign body left in the penstock following maintenance. [7] The installation shifted about 2 m within the base of the 180-metre-high (590 ft) earth and rock fill gravity dam wall of the 3,906 GL reservoir.
Turbines 7 × vertical Francis type, 250 rpm, 121.5 MW made by General Electric Canada International Inc. Generators 7 × 13.8 kV, 121.5 MW / 135 MVA (5648 A), made by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft (Germany). Transformers 8 × 13.8 kV/220 kV, rated at 135 MVA, made by Savigliano (Italy) 1 Transformer is kept as a spare unit.
The original eight Francis turbines served until 1974, when they were replaced by two more powerful turbines, leaving two in place for historic value. The power station is still operating to cover peak demand, run by RWE. In 1998, the Spannungen festival of chamber music has been held in the turbine hall for one week in June. The turbines are ...