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For example, an ASCII (or extended ASCII) scheme will use a single byte of computer memory, while a UTF-8 scheme will use one or more bytes, depending on the particular character being encoded. Alternative ways to encode character values include specifying an integer value for a code point, such as an ASCII code value or a Unicode code point.
«FUNCTION» LENGTH(string) or «FUNCTION» BYTE-LENGTH(string) number of characters and number of bytes, respectively COBOL: string length string: a decimal string giving the number of characters Tcl: ≢ string: APL: string.len() Number of bytes Rust [30] string.chars().count() Number of Unicode code points Rust [31]
^c The value of n is provided by the SELECTED_REAL_KIND [8] intrinsic function. ^d ALGOL 68 G's runtime option --precision "number" can set precision for long long real s to the required "number" significant digits.
Unboxing is the operation of converting a value of a reference type (previously boxed) into a value of a value type. [15] Unboxing in C# requires an explicit type cast. Example:
Java provides java.util.Date, a mutable reference type with millisecond precision, and (since Java 8) the java.time package (including classes such as LocalDate, LocalTime, and LocalDateTime for date-only, time-only, and date-and-time values), a set of immutable reference types with nanosecond precision. [24]
This is not allowed by the UTF-8 standard, because it is an overlong encoding, and it is seen as a security risk. Some other byte may be used as end of string instead, like 0xFE or 0xFF, which are not used in UTF-8. UTF-16 uses 2-byte integers and as either byte may be zero (and in fact every other byte is, when representing ASCII text), cannot ...
However, if the resulting integer value is too large to fit in a single byte, the actual numerical value assigned is implementation-defined. Most platforms have 8-bit char types, which limits a useful hex escape sequence to two hex digits. However, hex escape sequences longer than two hex digits might be useful inside a wide character or wide ...
The type and length are fixed in size (typically 1–4 bytes), and the value field is of variable size. These fields are used as follows: Type A binary code, often simply alphanumeric, which indicates the kind of field that this part of the message represents; Length The size of the value field (typically in bytes); Value