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The Timoshenko–Ehrenfest beam theory was developed by Stephen Timoshenko and Paul Ehrenfest [1] [2] [3] early in the 20th century. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The model takes into account shear deformation and rotational bending effects, making it suitable for describing the behaviour of thick beams, sandwich composite beams , or beams subject to high ...
Timoshenko improved upon that theory in 1922 by adding the effect of shear into the beam equation. Shear deformations of the normal to the mid-surface of the beam are allowed in the Timoshenko–Rayleigh theory. The equation for the bending of a linear elastic, isotropic, homogeneous beam of constant cross-section under these assumptions is [7 ...
The total elastic energy due to strain can be divided into two parts: one part causes change in volume, and the other part causes a change in shape. Distortion energy is the amount of energy that is needed to change the shape. Fracture mechanics was established by Alan Arnold Griffith and George Rankine Irwin. This important theory is also ...
Thus it is referred to as Timoshenko-Ehrenfest beam theory. This fact was testified by Timoshenko. [21] The interrelation between Timoshenko-Ehrenfest beam and Euler-Bernoulli beam theory was investigated in the book by Wang, Reddy and Lee. [22] He died in 1972 and his ashes are buried in Alta Mesa Memorial Park, Palo Alto, California.
Castigliano's method for calculating displacements is an application of his second theorem, which states: If the strain energy of a linearly elastic structure can be expressed as a function of generalised force Q i then the partial derivative of the strain energy with respect to generalised force gives the generalised displacement q i in the direction of Q i.
The external work done on an elastic member in causing it to distort from its unstressed state is transformed into strain energy which is a form of potential energy. The strain energy in the form of elastic deformation is mostly recoverable in the form of mechanical work. For example, the heat of combustion of cyclopropane (696 kJ/mol) is ...
A solid is a material that can support a substantial amount of shearing force over a given time scale during a natural or industrial process or action. This is what distinguishes solids from fluids, because fluids also support normal forces which are those forces that are directed perpendicular to the material plane across from which they act and normal stress is the normal force per unit area ...
The virtual work method is an expression of conservation of energy: for conservative systems, the work added to the system by a set of applied forces is equal to the energy stored in the system in the form of strain energy of the structure's components.