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Controlled reception pattern antennas (CRPA) are active antennas that are designed to resist radio jamming and spoofing. They are used in navigation applications to resist GPS spoofing attacks. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Vehicle navigation on a personal navigation assistant Garmin eTrex10 edition handheld. A satellite navigation device or satnav device, also known as a satellite navigation receiver or satnav receiver or simply a GPS device, is a user equipment that uses satellites of the Global Positioning System (GPS) or similar global navigation satellite systems (GNSS).
It is a term for the antenna on GPS navigation devices, which receives GPS signals from GPS satellites. The early antennas were round, and thus had the appearance of a hockey puck. The GPS puck is commonly used in the boating electronic industry. The reason the boating industry uses the GPS puck is because they give a true signal of direction ...
A GPS receiver processes the GPS signals received on its antenna to determine position, velocity and/or timing. The signal at antenna is amplified, down converted to baseband or intermediate frequency, filtered (to remove frequencies outside the intended frequency range for the digital signal that would alias into it) and digitalized; these ...
As of early 2015, high-quality Standard Positioning Service (SPS) GPS receivers provided horizontal accuracy of better than 3.5 meters (11 ft), [10] although many factors such as receiver and antenna quality and atmospheric issues can affect this accuracy. GPS is owned and operated by the United States government as a national resource.
A large variety of techniques and devices are used to provide indoor positioning ranging from reconfigured devices already deployed such as smartphones, WiFi and Bluetooth antennas, digital cameras, and clocks; to purpose built installations with relays and beacons strategically placed throughout a defined space. Lights, radio waves, magnetic ...
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U.S. Antenna Structure Registration rules are contained in Part 17 of Federal Communications Commission Rules (47 C.F.R. 17). [1] The purpose of these rules is to regulate via the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the FCC antenna structures in the US that are taller than 60.96 meters (200 feet) above ground level or that may interfere with the flight path of a nearby airport.