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Other adverse effects may include nausea, vomiting, fever, chills, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, warmth or hot flashes. [50] [43] [20] When used inside the vagina, misoprostol tends to have fewer gastrointestinal side effects. [6] Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen reduce pain with medication abortion.
Misoprostol is used for the prevention of NSAID-induced gastric ulcers.It acts upon gastric parietal cells, inhibiting the secretion of gastric acid by G-protein coupled receptor-mediated inhibition of adenylate cyclase, which leads to decreased intracellular cyclic AMP levels and decreased proton pump activity at the apical surface of the parietal cell.
Vaginal estrogen is a form of estrogen that is delivered by intravaginal administration. Vaginally administered estrogens are thereby exerting their effects mainly in the nearby tissue, with more limited systemic effects compared to orally administered estrogens. [1] It will not protect against osteoporosis. [2]
Administering a vaginal tablet without an applicator. Intravaginal administration is a route of administration where the substance is applied inside the vagina . Pharmacologically , it has the potential advantage to result in effects primarily in the vagina or nearby structures (such as the vaginal portion of cervix ) with limited systemic ...
List of side effects of estradiol which may occur as a result of its use or have been associated with estrogen and/or progestogen therapy includes: [1] [2]. Gynecological: changes in vaginal bleeding, dysmenorrhea, increase in size of uterine leiomyomata, vaginitis including vaginal candidiasis, changes in cervical secretion and cervical ectropion, ovarian cancer, endometrial hyperplasia ...
Early medical abortion regimens using mifepristone, followed 24–48 hours later by buccal or vaginal misoprostol are 98% effective up to 9 weeks gestational age; from 9 to 10 weeks efficacy decreases modestly to 94%. [64] [68] If medical abortion fails, surgical abortion must be used to complete the procedure. [69]
Birth control, also known as contraception, anticonception, and fertility control, is the use of methods or devices to prevent pregnancy. [1] [2] Birth control has been used since ancient times, but effective and safe methods of birth control only became available in the 20th century. [3]
The routes of administration include sublingual, oral, vaginal, and rectal with greatest efficacy from sublingual and vaginal administration. Vaginally administered misoprostol had improved outcomes of inducing labor within twenty four hours compared to oxytocin, but was associated with uterine hyperstimulation . [ 15 ]