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The sound of a hard g (which often precedes the non-front vowels a o u or a consonant) is usually the voiced velar plosive [ɡ] (as in gain or go) while the sound of a soft g (typically before i , e , or y ) may be a fricative or affricate, depending on the language. In English, the sound of soft g is the affricate / dʒ /, as in general, giant ...
Old English had a distinction between short and long (doubled) consonants, at least between vowels (as seen in sunne "sun" and sunu "son", stellan "to put" and stelan "to steal"), and a distinction between short vowels and long vowels in stressed syllables. It had a larger number of vowel qualities in stressed syllables – /i y u e o æ ɑ ...
Orthographic depth. The orthographic depth of an alphabetic orthography indicates the degree to which a written language deviates from simple one-to-one letter – phoneme correspondence. It depends on how easy it is to predict the pronunciation of a word based on its spelling: shallow orthographies are easy to pronounce based on the written ...
A diphthong ( / ˈdɪfθɒŋ, ˈdɪp -/ DIF-thong, DIP-; [ 1] from Ancient Greek δίφθογγος (díphthongos) 'two sounds', from δίς (dís) 'twice' and φθόγγος (phthóngos) 'sound'), also known as a gliding vowel or a vowel glide, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable. [ 2] Technically, a ...
Many words of Early Modern English were pronounced differently from today's standard pronunciation of Modern English. [7] According to linguist David Crystal, Shakespeare in Original Pronunciation is "Shakespeare as hopefully he would have heard it.... It sounds raw and from the heart, which is very different from the way I think Shakespeare ...
The name "G-dropping" is a reference to the way this process is represented in spelling: Since in English / ŋ / is typically spelled ng and / n / is spelled n , the process of replacing / ŋ / with / n / causes the g to "drop" from the spelling. Sociolinguists often refer to this variable by the notation (ing) .
The pronunciation of the digraph wh in English has changed over time, and still varies today between different regions and accents. It is now most commonly pronounced /w/, the same as a plain initial w , although some dialects, particularly those of Scotland, Ireland, and the Southern United States, retain the traditional pronunciation /hw ...
Æ in Helvetica and Bodoni. Æ alone and in context. Æ ( lowercase: æ) is a character formed from the letters a and e, originally a ligature representing the Latin diphthong ae. It has been promoted to the status of a letter in some languages, including Danish, Norwegian, Icelandic, and Faroese.