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The hydrogen atoms in the ammonium ion can be substituted with an alkyl group or some other organic group to form a substituted ammonium ion (IUPAC nomenclature: aminium ion). Depending on the number of organic groups, the ammonium cation is called a primary , secondary , tertiary , or quaternary .
The salts produced by the action of ammonia on acids are known as the ammonium salts and all contain the ammonium ion ([NH 4] +). [38] Although ammonia is well known as a weak base, it can also act as an extremely weak acid. It is a protic substance and is capable of formation of amides (which contain the NH − 2 ion).
Vapor over anhydrous ammonia [5]; Temp. Pressure ρ of liquid : ρ of vapor : Δ vap H: −78 °C: 5.90 kPa: −75 °C: 7.93 kPa 0.73094 g/cm 3: 7.8241×10 −5 g/cm 3: −70 °C: 10.92 kPa 0.72527 g/cm 3
Ammonium chloride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula N H 4 Cl, also written as [NH 4]Cl.It is an ammonium salt of hydrogen chloride.It consists of ammonium cations [NH 4] + and chloride anions Cl −.
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
It is an acid salt because the ammonium ion hydrolyzes slightly in water. Ammonium bromide is a strong electrolyte when put in water: NH 4 Br(s) → NH + 4 (aq) + Br − (aq) Ammonium bromide decomposes to ammonia and hydrogen bromide when heated at elevated temperatures: NH 4 Br → NH 3 + HBr
In aqueous solution, ammonia deprotonates a small fraction of the water to give ammonium and hydroxide according to the following equilibrium: . NH 3 + H 2 O ⇌ NH + 4 + OH −.. In a 1 M ammonia solution, about 0.42% of the ammonia is converted to ammonium, equivalent to pH = 11.63 because [NH +
A schematic diagram of chemical ionization source. Chemical ionization (CI) is a soft ionization technique used in mass spectrometry. [1] [2] This was first introduced by Burnaby Munson and Frank H. Field in 1966. [3] This technique is a branch of gaseous ion-molecule chemistry. [2]