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Each of the four main components has several key attributes. Source and receiver share the same four attributes: communication skills, attitudes, knowledge, and social-cultural system. Communication skills determine how good the communicators are at encoding and decoding messages. Attitudes affect whether they like or dislike the topic and each ...
[142] [151] [153] Communication may fail, for example, if the receiver lacks the decoding skills necessary to understand the message or if the source has a demeaning attitude toward the receiver. [158] [153] For the message, the main factors are code, content, and treatment, each of which can be analyzed in terms of its structure and its elements.
Thus, encoding/decoding is the translation needed for a message to be easily understood. When you decode a message, you extract the meaning of that message in ways to simplify it. Decoding has both verbal and non-verbal forms of communication: Decoding behavior without using words, such as displays of non-verbal communication.
For example, teachers may share and explain information while students may listen and ask clarifying questions. As the background of communication, the relation also affects how the messages are interpreted. For example, seeing a person as an actor on a stage leads to one interpretation of their messages.
There are large differences between species concerning what functions communication plays, how much it is realized, and the behavior used to communicate. [161] Common functions include the fields of courtship and mating, parent-offspring relations, social relations, navigation, self-defense, and territoriality. [162]
[4] [10] [1] Other examples are notetaking at school, writing a diary, preparing a shopping list, praying, or reciting a poem. [23] [7] External intrapersonal communication is also characterized by the fact that the sender and the receiver is the same person. The difference is that an external medium is used to express the message. [4] [10] [1]
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Nonverbal communication involves the conscious and unconscious processes of encoding and decoding. Encoding is defined as our ability to express emotions in a way that the receiver(s). Decoding is called "nonverbal sensitivity", defined as the ability to take this encoded emotion and interpret its meanings accurately to what the sender intended ...