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The Guardians of Scotland were the de facto heads of state [5] until a king was chosen. The late king, Alexander III, had been married to Margaret of England, sister to Edward I, and he was asked to conduct the court proceedings in the dispute, though not to arbitrate; the decision was to be made by a jury of 104 "auditors". [6]
Upon the death of King Alexander III of Scotland in 1286, the crown of Scotland passed to his only surviving descendant, his three-year-old granddaughter Margaret.With the death of Queen Margaret in 1290, on her way to Scotland, the Guardians of Scotland, who feared civil war over the vacant throne of Scotland, called upon King Edward I of England, to decide between various competitors for the ...
Eustace was born a younger son of Baudoin Busket, a lord of the county of Boulogne.According to his biography, he went to Toledo, Spain, and studied black magic there. The author of the Histoire des Ducs de Normandie wrote in Eustace's own day, "No one would believe the marvels he accomplished, nor those which happened to him many times."
The situation in Scotland had seemed resolved when Edward I returned to England on 16 September 1296, but Scottish resistance soon emerged in most parts of Scotland. On 11 September 1297, the Scottish forces, under the joint command of Andrew de Moray and William Wallace , met an English army commanded by John de Warenne , Earl of Surrey, at ...
He returned to his father's castle at Avoch on the northern shore of the Moray Firth, where he raised his banner in the name of Scotland's king, John Balliol. Moray quickly gathered a band of like-minded patriots, and employing hit-and-run guerrilla tactics, began to attack and devastate every English-garrisoned castle from Banff to Inverness.
The Lord James Douglas took with him about two hundred men-at-arms, and passed the river far off from the host so that he was not perceived: and suddenly he broke into the English host about midnight crying 'Douglas!' 'Douglas!' 'Ye shall all die thieves of England'; and he slew three hundred men, some in their beds and some scarcely ready: and ...
King Edward learned of the defeat of his northern army at the Battle of Stirling Bridge. [8] After concluding a truce with the French king, Philip the Fair, in October 1297, [9] he returned to England on 14 March 1298 to continue the ongoing organising of an army for his second invasion of Scotland which had been in preparation since late 1297 ...
Gaunt's attempts at furthering peace between England and Scotland did not suit France at all. They were, says May McKisack, "eager to profit by England's domestic embarrassments". [9] A small and somewhat unofficial French force–perhaps in the nature of an advance party–had arrived in Scotland in May 1384. [22]