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Very few served actual prison time due to their advanced age which made their sentences (if any) symbolic. On the other hand, some listed here had all charges against them cleared after the fact. Over 200,000 Nazis are estimated to have been perpetrators of Nazi-era crimes. Of these, roughly 140,000 cases were brought between 1945 and 2005.
For Dachau, 10,911 Jews were committed, Buchenwald 9,845 and for Sachsenhausen the figure is estimated at 6,000. [12] This means that the total number of prisoners in concentration camps had doubled near instantaneously. In many cases, the detainees were subjected to the brutality of the escorts during transport.
Worked for the Latvian Political Police as an administrator of Riga Central Prison for political prisoners during Nazi occupation. [7] "Witnesses who testified in 1982 at a deportation hearing in San Diego said Laipenieks was responsible for ordering the execution there of at least 200 prisoners from 1941 to 1943." [6] Recruited by the CIA in ...
Fear of secret punishment by such men caused one prisoner to later state that "there was more political freedom in the German army than in an American prison camp." He and other anti-Nazis were sent to Camp Ruston to protect them, [16]: xx, 27, 114–115, 151, 153, 157, 161, 167–168 while an Oklahoma camp received Waffen-SS and prisoners who ...
Over 1.1 million people were murdered at Auschwitz, including nearly a million Jews. On the day of liberation 80 years ago, only 7,000 were saved.
It was not until 1956 that the last of these Kriegsverurteilte ('war convicts') were repatriated, following the intervention of West German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer in Moscow. [10] [11] The Soviet Union released Austrian prisoners at a much faster rate than they released Germans, but the last Austrians were not released until 1955. [12]
Political prisoners were also arrested in larger numbers, including Jehovah's Witnesses and German émigrés who returned home. Czech and Austrian anti-Nazis were arrested after the annexation of their countries in 1938 and 1939. [30] Jews were also increasingly targeted, with 2,000 Viennese Jews arrested after the Nazi annexation.
Hellmuth Felmy (1885–1965), Nazi commander in Southern Greece, sentenced to 15 years in prison at the Nuremberg Hostages Trial, released in 1951. Fritz Fischer (1912–2003), doctor who committed experiments at Ravensbrück concentration camp , sentenced to life in prison at the Nuremberg doctor's trial, released in 1954.