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Agranulocytosis, also known as agranulosis or granulopenia, is an acute condition involving a severe and dangerous lowered white blood cell count (leukopenia, most commonly of neutrophils) and thus causing neutropenia in the circulating blood. [1] It is a severe lack of one major class of infection-fighting white
Clozapine, sold under the brand name Clozaril among others, is a psychiatric medication and was the first atypical antipsychotic to be discovered. [7] It is used primarily to treat people with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder who have had an inadequate response to two other antipsychotics, or who have been unable to tolerate other drugs due to extrapyramidal side effects.
Clozapine (Clozaril), an atypical antipsychotic, fell out of favor due to concerns over drug-induced agranulocytosis. Following research indicating its effectiveness in treatment-resistant schizophrenia and the development of an adverse event monitoring system, clozapine re-emerged as a viable antipsychotic.
Singer and Bloom acknowledge that the FDA added clozapine to the REMS program in 2015 "because of a rare side effect (less than 3 percent frequency) called agranulocytosis, a reversible but life ...
[149] [150] Clozapine is of benefit to around half of this group although it has the potentially serious side effect of agranulocytosis (lowered white blood cell count) in less than 4% of people. [151] [152] [153] Between 12 and 20 per cent will not respond to clozapine and this group is said to have ultra treatment resistant schizophrenia.
More serious adverse effects include seizures, NMS, neutropenia, and agranulocytosis (lowered white blood cell count) and its use needs careful monitoring. [115] [116] Clozapine is also associated with thromboembolism (including pulmonary embolism), myocarditis, and cardiomyopathy. [117] [118] A systematic review of clozapine-associated
Clozaril – atypical antipsychotic used to treat resistant schizophrenia Concerta ( methylphenidate ) – an extended release form of methylphenidate Contrave ( naltrexone/bupropion ) – a combination drug used in the treatment of mood and psychotic disorders.
Antipsychotics by class Generic name Brand names Chemical class ATC code Typical antipsychotics; Acepromazine: Atravet, Acezine: phenothiazine: N05AA04