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Engineering notation or engineering form (also technical notation) is a version of scientific notation in which the exponent of ten is always selected to be divisible by three to match the common metric prefixes, i.e. scientific notation that aligns with powers of a thousand, for example, 531×10 3 instead of 5.31×10 5 (but on calculator displays written without the ×10 to save space).
Latin and Greek letters are used in mathematics, science, engineering, and other areas where mathematical notation is used as symbols for constants, special functions, and also conventionally for variables representing certain quantities.
The following table lists the names of small numbers used in the long and short scales, along with the power of 10, engineering notation, and International System of Units (SI) symbols and prefixes. [1] [page needed] [2] [page needed] [3] [page needed] [4] [5] [6] [7]
Scientific notation always has a single nonzero digit to the left of the point: not 60.22 × 10 22, but 6.022 × 10 23. Engineering notation is similar, but with the exponent adjusted to a multiple of three: 602.2 × 10 21. Avoid mixing scientific and engineering notations: A 2.23 × 10 2 m 2 region covered by 234.0 × 10 6 grains of sand.
Engineering notation allows the numbers to explicitly match their corresponding SI prefixes, which facilitates reading and oral communication. For example, 12.5 × 10 −9 m can be read as "twelve-point-five nanometres" and written as 12.5 nm , while its scientific notation equivalent 1.25 × 10 −8 m would likely be read out as "one-point-two ...
Greek letters are used in mathematics, science, engineering, and other areas where mathematical notation is used as symbols for constants, special functions, and also conventionally for variables representing certain quantities. In these contexts, the capital letters and the small letters represent distinct and unrelated entities.
1 E+3 exactly—in scientific E notation. The SI prefix for a thousand units is " kilo- ", abbreviated to "k"—for instance, a kilogram or "kg" is a thousand grams . This is sometimes extended to non-SI contexts, such as "ka" ( kiloannum ) being used as a shorthand for periods of 1000 years.
A similar non-standard notation using the unit symbol instead of a decimal separator is sometimes used to indicate voltages (i.e. 0V8 for 0.8 V, 1V8 for 1.8 V, 3V3 for 3.3 V or 5V0 for 5.0 V [24] [25] [26]) in contexts where a decimal separator would be inappropriate (e.g. in signal or pin names, in file names, or in labels or subscripts).