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Alcohol intoxication, commonly described in higher doses as drunkenness or inebriation, [9] and known in overdose as alcohol poisoning, [1] is the behavior and physical effects caused by recent consumption of alcohol.
Controlled animal and human studies showed that caffeine (energy drinks) in combination with alcohol increased the craving for more alcohol more strongly than alcohol alone. [242] These findings correspond to epidemiological data that people who consume energy drinks generally showed an increased tendency to take alcohol and other substances.
Alcohol is known to potentiate the insulin response of the human body to glucose, which, in essence, "instructs" the body to convert consumed carbohydrates into fat and to suppress carbohydrate and fat oxidation. [63] [64] Ethanol is directly processed in the liver to acetyl CoA, the same intermediate product as in glucose metabolism.
The human body breaks alcohol down into chemicals that can damage DNA, causing cells to grow out of control and become cancerous, according to the National Cancer Institute.
Methanol has a moderate to high toxicity in humans. As little as 10 mL of pure methanol when drunk is metabolized into formic acid , which can cause permanent blindness by destruction of the optic nerve . 15 mL is potentially fatal, [ 1 ] although the median lethal dose is typically 100 mL (3.4 fl oz) (i.e. 1–2 mL/kg body weight of pure ...
"Alcohol has a half-life of four to five hours, so if you drink at happy hour at, say, 6 p.m., that alcohol will stick with you until around 11 p.m., which can be way too late to fall asleep ...
Alcohol product labelling could be considered as a component of a comprehensive public health strategy to reduce alcohol-related harm. Adding health labels to alcohol containers is an important first step in raising awareness and has a longer-term utility in helping to establish a social understanding of the harmful use of alcohol.
Regarding inhalation, early experiments with animals showed that it was possible to produce significant BAC levels comparable to those obtained by injection, by forcing the animal to breathe alcohol vapor. [82] In humans, concentrations of ethanol in air above 10 mg/L caused initial coughing and smarting of the eyes and nose, which went away ...