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Social movement theory is an interdisciplinary study within the social sciences that generally seeks to explain why social mobilization occurs, the forms under which it manifests, as well as potential social, cultural, political, and economic consequences, such as the creation and functioning of social movements.
Political opportunity theory, also known as the political process theory or political opportunity structure, is an approach of social movements that is heavily influenced by political sociology. It argues that success or failure of social movements is affected primarily by political opportunities.
The term new social movements (NSMs) is a theory of social movements that attempts to explain the plethora of new movements that have come up in various western societies roughly since the mid-1960s (i.e. in a post-industrial economy) which are claimed to depart significantly from the conventional social movement paradigm. [1] There are two ...
A social movement is a loosely organized effort by a large group of people to achieve a particular goal, typically a social or political one. [1] [2] This may be to carry out a social change, or to resist or undo one.
Value-added theory (also known as social strain theory) is a sociological theory, first proposed by Neil Smelser in 1962, which posits that certain conditions are needed for the development of a social movement.
He was a professor of history, sociology, and social science at the University of Michigan from 1969 to 1984 before becoming the Joseph L. Buttenwieser Professor of Social Science at Columbia University. He has been described as "the founding father of 21st-century sociology" [1] and "one of the world's preeminent sociologists and historians."
In social movement theory, a social movement organization is an organized component of a social movement (SM). An SMO is usually only a part of a particular social movement; in other words, a specific social movement is usually composed of many social movement organizations – formal organizations that share the movement's goals. [2]
[1] It is one of the four main types of social movements in sociology: alternative, redemptive, reformative, and revolutionary. Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) is an example of an alternative social movement because it targets one behavior—drunk driving. Through its efforts, MADD has caused tougher drunk driving laws to be enacted, and ...