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Code 11 is a barcode symbology developed by Intermec in 1977, and it is used primarily in telecommunications. The symbol can encode any length string consisting of the digits 0–9 and the dash character (-). A twelfth code represents the start/stop character, commonly printed as "*". One or two modulo-11 check digit (s) can be included.
The cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is based on division in the ring of polynomials over the finite field GF (2) (the integers modulo 2 ), that is, the set of polynomials where each coefficient is either zero or one, and arithmetic operations wrap around. Any string of bits can be interpreted as the coefficients of a message polynomial of this ...
A mathematical symbol is a figure or a combination of figures that is used to represent a mathematical object, an action on mathematical objects, a relation between mathematical objects, or for structuring the other symbols that occur in a formula. As formulas are entirely constituted with symbols of various types, many symbols are needed for ...
Rule of mixtures. The upper and lower bounds on the elastic modulus of a composite material, as predicted by the rule of mixtures. The actual elastic modulus lies between the curves. In materials science, a general rule of mixtures is a weighted mean used to predict various properties of a composite material .
RSA numbers. In mathematics, the RSA numbers are a set of large semiprimes (numbers with exactly two prime factors) that were part of the RSA Factoring Challenge. The challenge was to find the prime factors of each number. It was created by RSA Laboratories in March 1991 to encourage research into computational number theory and the practical ...
This is also known as the sum modulo 10. A simple way to combine the two steps is to sum the digits without a tens column at all, but discard all carries. Subtract the sum modulo 10 from 10. Continuing with the example, 10 − 8 = 2. The check digit is therefore 2. If calculated correctly, the sum of the ZIP, ZIP+4, or ZIP+4+delivery point ...
Flexural modulus. In mechanics, the flexural modulus or bending modulus [1] is an intensive property that is computed as the ratio of stress to strain in flexural deformation, or the tendency for a material to resist bending. It is determined from the slope of a stress-strain curve produced by a flexural test (such as the ASTM D790), and uses ...
The validity of a digit sequence containing a check digit is defined over a quasigroup. A quasigroup table ready for use can be taken from Damm's dissertation (pages 98, 106, 111). It is useful if each main diagonal entry is 0, because it simplifies the check digit calculation. Validating a number against the included check digit