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The sensor circuit is supplied with constant current. A distinguishing feature of the IEPE principle is that the power supply and the sensor signal are transmitted via one shielded wire. Most IEPE sensors work at a constant current between 2 and 20 mA. A common value is 4 mA. The higher the constant current the longer the possible cable length.
Figure 2. Schematic symbol and circuit incorporating the mechanical–electrical analogy for a piezoelectric sensor. Figure 2's detailed model includes the effects of the sensor's mechanical construction and other non-idealities. [12] The inductance L m is due to the seismic mass and inertia of the sensor itself.
The high modulus of elasticity of piezoelectric materials makes the piezoelectric sensor a more viable solution to the problems identified with the strain gage accelerometer. Simply stated, the inherent properties of the piezoelectric accelerometers made it a much better alternative to the strain gage types because of its high frequency ...
An accelerometer measures proper acceleration, which is the acceleration it experiences relative to freefall and is the acceleration felt by people and objects. [2] Put another way, at any point in spacetime the equivalence principle guarantees the existence of a local inertial frame, and an accelerometer measures the acceleration relative to that frame. [4]
The accuracy of the inertial sensors inside a modern inertial measurement unit (IMU) has a more complex impact on the performance of an inertial navigation system (INS). [16] Gyroscope and accelerometer sensor behavior is often represented by a model based on the following errors, assuming they have the proper measurement range and bandwidth: [17]
Active vibration isolation systems contain, along with the spring, a feedback circuit which consists of a sensor (for example a piezoelectric accelerometer or a geophone), a controller, and an actuator. The acceleration (vibration) signal is processed by a control circuit and amplifier.
Sensors are usually designed so that the gas supply is limited by diffusion, and thus the output from the sensor is linearly proportional to the gas concentration. This linear output is one of the advantages of electrochemical sensors over other sensor technologies (e.g. infrared), whose output must be linearized before they can be used.
Attitude control (spacecraft): Horizon sensor, Earth sensor, Moon sensor, Satellite Sensor, Sun sensor; Catadioptric sensor; Chemoreceptor; Compressive sensing; Cryogenic particle detectors; Dew warning; Diffusion tensor imaging; Digital holography; Electronic tongue; Fine Guidance Sensor; Flat panel detector; Functional magnetic resonance ...