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  2. Newton's cannonball - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_cannonball

    Newton's cannonball was a thought experiment Isaac Newton used to hypothesize that the force of gravity was universal, and it was the key force for planetary motion. It appeared in his posthumously published 1728 work De mundi systemate (also published in English as A Treatise of the System of the World ).

  3. Newton's laws of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_laws_of_motion

    Newton's cannonball is a thought experiment that interpolates between projectile motion and uniform circular motion. A cannonball that is lobbed weakly off the edge of a tall cliff will hit the ground in the same amount of time as if it were dropped from rest, because the force of gravity only affects the cannonball's momentum in the downward ...

  4. Standing on the shoulders of giants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standing_on_the_shoulders...

    The quote is most often attributed to Sir Isaac Newton in a letter to his rival, Robert Hooke. Isaac Newton remarked in a letter to his rival Robert Hooke written in 5 February 1675 and published in 1855: What Des-Cartes did was a good step. You have added much several ways, & especially in taking the colours of thin plates into philosophical ...

  5. Galileo's Leaning Tower of Pisa experiment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo's_Leaning_Tower_of...

    Comparison of the antiquated view and the outcome of the experiment (size of the spheres represent their masses, not their volumes) Between 1589 and 1592, [1] the Italian scientist Galileo Galilei (then professor of mathematics at the University of Pisa) is said to have dropped "unequal weights of the same material" from the Leaning Tower of Pisa to demonstrate that their time of descent was ...

  6. Newtonianism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newtonianism

    Title page of Isaac Newton's Opticks. Newtonianism is a philosophical and scientific doctrine inspired by the beliefs and methods of natural philosopher Isaac Newton.While Newton's influential contributions were primarily in physics and mathematics, his broad conception of the universe as being governed by rational and understandable laws laid the foundation for many strands of Enlightenment ...

  7. Isaac Newton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Newton

    Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27 [a]) was an English polymath active as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author who was described in his time as a natural philosopher. [5] Newton was a key figure in the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment that followed. [6]

  8. Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophiæ_Naturalis...

    Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (English: The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy) [1] often referred to as simply the Principia (/ p r ɪ n ˈ s ɪ p i ə, p r ɪ n ˈ k ɪ p i ə /), is a book by Isaac Newton that expounds Newton's laws of motion and his law of universal gravitation.

  9. De motu corporum in gyrum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_motu_corporum_in_gyrum

    Later, in 1686, when Newton's Principia had been presented to the Royal Society, Hooke claimed from this correspondence the credit for some of Newton's content in the Principia, and said Newton owed the idea of an inverse-square law of attraction to him – although at the same time, Hooke disclaimed any credit for the curves and trajectories ...