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  2. Phosphoglycerate kinase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoglycerate_kinase

    In the glycolytic pathway, 1,3-BPG is the phosphate donor and has a high phosphoryl-transfer potential. The PGK-catalyzed transfer of the phosphate group from 1,3-BPG to ADP to yield ATP can power [clarification needed] the carbon-oxidation reaction of the previous glycolytic step (converting glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 3-phosphoglycerate).

  3. Phosphorylation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorylation

    Phosphorylation is essential to the processes of both anaerobic and aerobic respiration, which involve the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the "high-energy" exchange medium in the cell. During aerobic respiration, ATP is synthesized in the mitochondrion by addition of a third phosphate group to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) in a ...

  4. Kinase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinase

    In biochemistry, a kinase (/ ˈ k aɪ n eɪ s, ˈ k ɪ n eɪ s,-eɪ z /) [2] is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to specific substrates. This process is known as phosphorylation, where the high-energy ATP molecule donates a phosphate group to the substrate molecule.

  5. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glyceraldehyde_3-phosphate...

    The energy released by this highly exergonic oxidation reaction drives the endergonic second reaction (ΔG°'=+50 kJ/mol (+12kcal/mol)), in which a molecule of inorganic phosphate is transferred to the GAP intermediate to form a product with high phosphoryl-transfer potential: 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG).

  6. Phosphoryl group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoryl_group

    [2] [3] "Phosphoryl" groups are covalently bonded by a single bond to an organic molecule, phosphate group(s) or another "phosphoryl" group(s), and those groups are sp 3 hybridized at the phosphorus atom. [4] The term "phosphoryl" in the mentioned branches is usually used in the description of catalytic mechanisms in living organisms.

  7. High-energy phosphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-energy_phosphate

    The squiggle notation was invented by Fritz Albert Lipmann, who first proposed ATP as the main energy transfer molecule of the cell, in 1941. [4] Lipmann's notation emphasizes the special nature of these bonds. [5] Stryer states: ATP is often called a high energy compound and its phosphoanhydride bonds are referred to as high-energy bonds.

  8. Adenylate kinase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenylate_kinase

    Phosphoryl transfer only occurs on closing of the 'open lid'. This causes an exclusion of water molecules that brings the substrates in proximity to each other, [ 7 ] lowering the energy barrier for the nucleophilic attack by the α-phosphoryl of AMP on the γ-phosphoryl group of ATP resulting in formation of ADP by transfer of the γ ...

  9. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoenolpyruvate...

    Phosphoryl groups are transferred during PEPCK action, which is likely facilitated by the eclipsed conformation of the phosphoryl groups when ATP is bound to PEPCK. [ 11 ] Since the eclipsed formation is one that is high in energy, phosphoryl group transfer has a decreased energy of activation , meaning that the groups will transfer more readily.