enow.com Web Search

Search results

  1. Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
  2. Boy or girl paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boy_or_Girl_paradox

    The Boy or Girl paradox surrounds a set of questions in probability theory, which are also known as The Two Child Problem, [1] Mr. Smith's Children [2] and the Mrs. Smith Problem. The initial formulation of the question dates back to at least 1959, when Martin Gardner featured it in his October 1959 " Mathematical Games column " in Scientific ...

  3. Monty Hall problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monty_Hall_problem

    Following similar logic as the conditional probability with direct calculation he finds the probability of picking two urns with white balls to be ⁠ 1 / 3 ⁠. The earliest of several probability puzzles related to the Monty Hall problem is Bertrand's box paradox, posed by Joseph Bertrand in 1889 in his Calcul des probabilités. [65]

  4. Birthday problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birthday_problem

    In probability theory, the birthday problem asks for the probability that, in a set of n randomly chosen people, at least two will share the same birthday. The birthday paradox is the counterintuitive fact that only 23 people are needed for that probability to exceed 50%.

  5. Confusion of the inverse - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confusion_of_the_inverse

    Confusion of the inverse, also called the conditional probability fallacy or the inverse fallacy, is a logical fallacy whereupon a conditional probability is equated with its inverse; that is, given two events A and B, the probability of A happening given that B has happened is assumed to be about the same as the probability of B given A, when there is actually no evidence for this assumption.

  6. Three prisoners problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Prisoners_problem

    Each scenario has a ⁠ 1 / 6 ⁠ probability. The original three prisoners problem can be seen in this light: The warden in that problem still has these six cases, each with a ⁠ 1 / 6 ⁠ probability of occurring. However, the warden in the original case cannot reveal the fate of a pardoned prisoner.

  7. Gambler's fallacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambler's_fallacy

    The gambler's fallacy, also known as the Monte Carlo fallacy or the fallacy of the maturity of chances, is the belief that, if an event (whose occurrences are independent and identically distributed) has occurred less frequently than expected, it is more likely to happen again in the future (or vice versa).

  8. Conjunction fallacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunction_fallacy

    For example, even choosing a very low probability of Linda's being a bank teller, say Pr(Linda is a bank teller) = 0.05 and a high probability that she would be a feminist, say Pr(Linda is a feminist) = 0.95, then, assuming these two facts are independent of each other, Pr(Linda is a bank teller and Linda is a feminist) = 0.05 × 0.95 or 0.0475 ...

  9. Double counting (fallacy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_counting_(fallacy)

    An example of double counting is shown starting with the question: What is the probability of seeing at least one 5 when throwing a pair of dice? An erroneous argument goes as follows: The first die shows a 5 with probability 1/6, and the second die shows a 5 with probability 1/6; therefore, the probability of seeing a 5 on at least one of the ...