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  2. Periventricular leukomalacia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periventricular_leukomalacia

    Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a form of white-matter brain injury, characterized by the necrosis (more often coagulation) of white matter near the lateral ventricles.

  3. Childhood leukemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childhood_Leukemia

    Childhood leukemia is the most common childhood cancer, accounting for 29% of cancers in children aged 0–14 in 2018. [1] There are multiple forms of leukemia that occur in children, the most common being acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) followed by acute myeloid leukemia (AML). [ 2 ]

  4. Toxic leukoencephalopathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic_leukoencephalopathy

    Toxic leukoencephalopathy-related damage to central nervous system (CNS) white matter, typically of the periventricular nucleus, and other structures in the brain is often bilateral and symmetric. Heroin-induced leukoencephalopathy often involves damage to cerebellar white matter, posterior cerebral white matter, posterior limb of internal ...

  5. Leukoaraiosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukoaraiosis

    Head CT showing periventricular white matter lesions. Leukoaraiosis is a particular abnormal change in appearance of white matter near the lateral ventricles. It is often seen in aged individuals, but sometimes in young adults. [1] [2] On MRI, leukoaraiosis changes appear as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in T2 FLAIR images.

  6. Childhood cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childhood_cancer

    In general, treatment can include surgical resection, [39] chemotherapy, [40] radiation therapy, [41] or immunotherapy. [42] Recent medical advances have improved our understanding of the genetic basis of childhood cancers. Treatment options are expanding, and precision medicine for childhood cancers is a rapidly growing area of research. [43]

  7. Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juvenile_myelomonocytic...

    Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is a rare form of chronic leukemia (cancer of the blood) that affects children, commonly those aged four and younger. [2] The name JMML now encompasses all diagnoses formerly referred to as juvenile chronic myeloid leukemia (JCML), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia of infancy, and infantile monosomy 7 syndrome.

  8. Acute myelomonocytic leukemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_myelomonocytic_leukemia

    Acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML) is a form of acute myeloid leukemia that involves a proliferation of CFU-GM myeloblasts and monoblasts.AMML occurs with a rapid increase amount in white blood cell count and is defined by more than 20% of myeloblast in the bone marrow.

  9. T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-cell_acute_lymphoblastic...

    In childhood, T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients can expect a 5-year event-free survival (EFS) rate of 70% and an overall survival (OS) rate of 80%. [1] Among the approximately 25% of children who relapse, survival rates drop to 30-50%, with patients generally showing a much poorer prognosis. [ 1 ]