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The bell itself weighs 66,000 pounds (30,000 kg); with clapper and supports. The total weight which swings when the bell is rung is 89,390 pounds (40,550 kg). The largest Bell of the People's Salvation Cathedral is the largest free-swinging church bell in the world, surpassing the Petersglocke of Cologne Cathedral.
Each bell is a metal tube, 30–38 mm (1 + 1 ⁄ 4 – 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) in diameter, tuned by altering its length. Its standard range is C 4 –F 5 , though many professional instruments reach G 5 . Tubular bells are often replaced by studio chimes, which are smaller and usually less expensive instruments.
Cast in 1484 by King Dhammazedi of Mon, this bell was located at the Shwedagon Pagoda in Rangoon, Burma (now Yangon, Myanmar). The bell was said to be twelve cubits (6.276 m) high and eight cubits (4.184 m) wide. [2] The Great Bell of Dhammazedi remained at the Shwedagon Pagoda as the heaviest functioning bell in the world until 1608.
The bell's strongest harmonics are tuned to be at octave intervals below the nominal note, but other notes also need to be brought into their proper relationship. [28] In general, the smaller the bell the higher the pitch, with the frequency of a bell's note varying with the square of its thickness and inversely with its diameter. [18]
Finally, as the sound of the bell ebbs, the slowly decaying hum tone (an octave below the prime, see subharmonic) lingers on." [3] "When a bell is properly struck, the first note that prominently attracts the attention of the ear is what is known as the strike note, tap note, or fundamental, this is what we call the note of the bell. The low ...
Because of their size, bass bells are rarely shaken. [20] A suspended mallet roll is usually played if a shaking sound is desired on a bass bell. The singing bell technique creates a sustained pitch similar to the sound a wineglass makes as its rim is rubbed with a wet fingertip and is accomplished in much the same way. A short wooden dowel is ...
In the Americas (defined as International Telecommunication Union (ITU) region 2), the FM broadcast band consists of 101 channels, each 200 kHz wide, in the frequency range from 87.8 to 108.0 MHz, with "center frequencies" running from 87.9 MHz to 107.9 MHz. For most purposes an FM station is associated with its center frequency.
The list followed a general hierarchy of solemnity, from the grand solennel (ringing order: 1, 2, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3) used for the most solemn occasions, to Les Benjamines (ringing order: 10, 9, 8) used for baptisms. A simplified version of this list was used from 1856 to 2012, and the full practice was revived from 2013 to 2019.