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Zoledronic acid is used to prevent bone fractures in patients with cancers such as multiple myeloma and prostate cancer, as well as for treating osteoporosis. [10] It can also be used to treat hypercalcaemia of malignancy and can be helpful for treating pain from bone metastases. [11] It can be given at home rather than in hospital.
Patiromer was generally well tolerated in studies. Side effects that occurred in more than 2% of patients included in clinical trials were mainly gastro-intestinal problems such as constipation, diarrhea, nausea, and flatulence, and also hypomagnesemia (low levels of magnesium in the blood) in 5% of patients, because patiromer binds magnesium in the gut as well.
Most alternative cancer treatments have not been tested in proper clinical trials. Among studies that have been published, the quality is often poor. A 2006 review of 196 clinical trials that studied unconventional cancer treatments found a lack of early-phase testing, little rationale for dosing regimens, and poor statistical analyses. [11]
Polystyrene sulfonates are a group of medications used to treat high blood potassium. [1] Effects generally take hours to days. [1] They are also used to remove potassium, calcium, and sodium from solutions in technical applications.
The potassium binder Veltassa is the most selling treatment in the nephrology segment. [ 19 ] CSL Vifor is a member of a number of trade associations that advocate on behalf of the pharmaceutical industry and for the policy positions commonly shared, this includes the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA). [ 20 ]
It was approved for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and was the first clinically available SERM to prevent both osteoporosis and breast cancer. [7] Ospemifene was approved on February 26, 2013, for the treatment of moderate to severe dyspareunia , which is a symptom, due to menopause , of vulvar and vaginal atrophy .
Consequently, these drugs have been researched for the treatment of osteoporosis, [2] [3] [4] though with only limited success. [5] More recent research has suggested a number of additional applications for these drugs, such as hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in allergic asthma .
In breast cancer there is mixed evidence regarding whether bisphosphonates improve survival. [ 15 ] [ 18 ] [ 19 ] [ 20 ] A 2017 Cochrane review found that for people with early breast cancer, bisphosphonate treatment may reduce the risk of the cancer spreading to the person's bone, however, for people who had advanced breast cancer ...