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The former ground link of the fusing 4-bar linkage becomes a rectilinear link that travels follows the same coupler curve. Each of these paired six-bar cognate linkages can also be converted into another cognate linkage by flipping the linkage over, and switching the roles of the rectilinear link and the ground link.
This list contains Germanic elements of the English language which have a close corresponding Latinate form. The correspondence is semantic—in most cases these words are not cognates, but in some cases they are doublets, i.e., ultimately derived from the same root, generally Proto-Indo-European, as in cow and beef, both ultimately from PIE *gʷōus.
For example English starve and Dutch sterven 'to die' or German sterben 'to die' all descend from the same Proto-Germanic verb, *sterbaną 'to die'. Cognates also do not need to look or sound similar: English father, French père, and Armenian հայր (hayr) all descend directly from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.
Quite a few of these words can further trace their origins back to a Germanic source (usually Frankish [1]), making them cognate with many native English words from Old English, yielding etymological twins. Many of these are Franco-German words, or French words of Germanic origin. [2]
A common exception is names of publications, and publishers named for them, e.g.: The New York Times, The New York Times Company. In some cases, leading articles (usually The) are an integral part of the company name (as determined by usage in independent reliable sources) and should be included, especially when necessary for disambiguation, e.g.:
English: Example Linkage for Dimensional Analysis of cognate linkages. ... author name string: Doanri. ... Cognate linkage;
The cognates in the table below share meanings in English and Spanish, but have different pronunciation. Some words entered Middle English and Early Modern Spanish indirectly and at different times. For example, a Latinate word might enter English by way of Old French, but enter Spanish directly from Latin. Such differences can introduce ...
Cognate forms in other languages preserve the original Proto-Indo-European *s. For example, the Sanskrit prefix saṃ-occurs in the name of the language, सं॒स्कृ॒त saṃ-s-kṛtá, literally 'put together'. Less exact cognates include English same and some, and Latin simul 'at the same time' and similis 'similar'. [2] [3]