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The polka dot sign is a radiological finding most commonly observed on axial computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the spine. [1] It is a hallmark feature of vertebral hemangiomas, a benign vascular tumor of the vertebral body. The sign refers to the appearance of multiple small, dot-like areas of sclerosis or ...
Osteosclerosis is a disorder characterized by abnormal hardening of bone and an elevation in bone density. It may predominantly affect the medullary portion and/or cortex of bone. Plain radiographs are a valuable tool for detecting and classifying osteosclerotic disorders. [1] [2] It can manifest in localized or generalized osteosclerosis.
The radiographic appearance of osteopoikilosis on an X-ray is characterized by a pattern of numerous white densities of similar size spread throughout all the bones. This is a systemic condition. It must be differentiated from blastic metastasis, which can also present radiographically as white densities interspersed throughout bone. Blastic ...
Radiographs in osteoid osteoma typically show a round lucency, containing a dense sclerotic central nidus (the characteristic lesion in this kind of tumor) surrounded by sclerotic bone. The nidus is seldom larger than 1.5 cm. [citation needed] The lesion can in most cases be detected on CT scan, bone scans and angiograms.
Healing of the erosion results in a sclerotic increase in density causing what is known as a shiny corner sign, [1] [3] which can later result in syndesmophyte formation. [4] It is most easily diagnosed using MRI , compared to conventional radiography.
On computed tomography (CT) or radiograph, VHs can cause rarefaction with vertical striations (often referred to as corduroy pattern) or a coarse honeycomb appearance. A polka-dot appearance on CT scan represents a cross-section of reinforced trabeculae. [11] [13] CT best defines the bony architecture and is the best diagnostic imaging method. [14]
In the skull, sclerosis is predominantly observed in the cranial vault and skull base. [10] Other symptoms displayed in the skull include dental anomalies such as abnormal dentition , hypodontia and impaired tooth calcification; [ 9 ] intracranial calcifications, which is the calcification of the brain parenchyma ; narrow optic canal and other ...
Wilkinson's syndrome (also known as Sclerotic pedicle sign) is a radiographic term which describes a unilaterally enlarged pedicle opposite a contralateral pars defect. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The enlarged pedicle may due to stress hypertrophy, and changes may extend into the adjacent lamina and transverse processes.