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In computer programming and software design, code refactoring is the process of restructuring existing source code—changing the factoring—without changing its external behavior. Refactoring is intended to improve the design, structure, and/or implementation of the software (its non-functional attributes), while preserving its functionality.
Code cleanup can also refer to the removal of all computer programming from source code, or the act of removing temporary files after a program has finished executing.. For instance, in a web browser such as Chrome browser or Maxthon, code must be written in order to clean up files such as cookies and storage. [6]
A decomposition paradigm in computer programming is a strategy for organizing a program as a number of parts, and usually implies a specific way to organize a program text. Typically the aim of using a decomposition paradigm is to optimize some metric related to program complexity, for example a program's modularity or its maintainability.
Ad hoc code reuse has been practiced from the earliest days of programming.Programmers have always reused sections of code, templates, functions, and procedures. Software reuse as a recognized area of study in software engineering, however, dates only from 1968 when Douglas McIlroy of Bell Laboratories proposed basing the software industry on reusable components.
It states that two instances of similar code do not require refactoring, but when similar code is used three times, it should be extracted into a new procedure. The rule was popularised by Martin Fowler in Refactoring [1] and attributed to Don Roberts. Duplication is considered a bad practice in programming because it makes the code harder to ...
"Don't repeat yourself" (DRY), also known as "duplication is evil", is a principle of software development aimed at reducing repetition of information which is likely to change, replacing it with abstractions that are less likely to change, or using data normalization which avoids redundancy in the first place.
In object-oriented programming, "data clump" is a name given to any group of variables which are passed around together (in a clump) throughout various parts of the program. A data clump, like other code smells, can indicate deeper problems with the program design or implementation. The group of variables that typically make up a data clump are ...
For example, in the expression (f(x)-1)/(f(x)+1), the function f cannot be called only once with its value used two times since the two calls may return different results. Moreover, in the few languages which define the order of evaluation of the division operator's operands, the value of x must be fetched again before the second call, since ...