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Moreover, because the acidic or basic drain cleaners themselves are washed down the drain, this contributes to pollution in the water supply. Drain cleaners usually contain a strong base such as sodium hydroxide that decomposes hair and converts fats into water-soluble products. The reaction is exothermic, releasing heat to soften the fats.
Water softening is the removal of calcium, magnesium, and certain other metal cations in hard water. The resulting soft water requires less soap for the same cleaning effort, as soap is not wasted bonding with calcium ions. Soft water also extends the lifetime of plumbing by reducing or eliminating scale build-up in pipes
It is also used as a precipitating water softener, which combines with hard water minerals (calcium- and magnesium-based minerals) to form an insoluble precipitate, removing these hardness minerals from the water. [5] It is the carbonate moiety which forms the precipitate, the bicarbonate being included to moderate the material's alkalinity.
Water to be filtered is then applied to the filter surface until the filter clogs and the backwash cycle needs to be repeated. [3]: 264–8 [4]: 10.53–10.58 [5]: 937–9 [6]: 8.11–8.18 [7]: 353–6 Some water treatment filters use surface wash systems that break up the heavily clogged, granular media surface layer.
A drain cleaner, also known as drain opener, refers to a person, device, or product used to unblock sewer pipes or clear clogged wastewater drains.This term typically applies to chemical, enzymatic, or mechanical tools such as commercial chemical cleaners, plumber’s snakes, drain augers, bio-enzyme solutions, or toilet plungers.
The brands have their origin in Calgon, Inc. of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which first put Calgon water softener on the market in 1933. [3] In 1965, Calgon was broken into: Calgon bath and beauty products, sold to Coty , and then acquired by Ascendia Brands on 9 February 2007.
The chain pump is type of a water pump in which several circular discs are positioned on an endless chain. One part of the chain dips into the water, and the chain runs through a tube, slightly bigger than the diameter of the discs. As the chain is drawn up the tube, water becomes trapped between the discs and is lifted to and discharged at the ...
It is a white, granular or crystalline solid, highly soluble in water, producing an alkaline solution. TSP is used as a cleaning agent, builder, lubricant, food additive, stain remover, and degreaser. [7] As an item of commerce TSP is often partially hydrated and may range from anhydrous Na 3 PO 4 to the dodecahydrate Na 3 PO 4 ·12H 2 O. Most ...