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A measurement instrument may be insensitive if it contains items measuring outcomes which the program couldn't possibly effect, or if the instrument was originally developed for applications to individuals (for example standardized psychological measures) rather than to a group setting (Rossi et al., 2004). [8]
Binary translation: The tool adds instrumentation to a compiled executable. Runtime instrumentation: Directly before execution the code is instrumented. The program run is fully supervised and controlled by the tool. Runtime injection: More lightweight than runtime instrumentation. Code is modified at runtime to have jumps to helper functions.
Several tools with combined sampling and call-graph profiling. A set of visualization tools, VCG tools, uses the Call Graph Drawing Interface (CGDI) to interface with gprof. Another visualization tool that interfaces with gprof is KProf. Free/open source - BSD version is part of 4.2BSD and GNU version is part of GNU Binutils (by GNU Project) HWPMC
The program evaluation and review technique (PERT) is a statistical tool used in project management, which was designed to analyze and represent the tasks involved in completing a given project. PERT was originally developed by Charles E. Clark for the United States Navy in 1958; it is commonly used in conjunction with the Critical Path Method ...
There is also the possibility that a bias can make an effective program seem ineffective or even as far as harmful. This could possibly make the accomplishments of program seem small or even insignificant therefore forcing the personnel and even cause the program's sponsors to reduce or eliminate the funding for the program (Rossi et al., 2004).
The effort measure translates into actual coding time using the following relation, Time required to program: T = E 18 {\displaystyle T={E \over 18}} seconds Halstead's delivered bugs (B) is an estimate for the number of errors in the implementation.
The 'S' in ESG is notoriously hard to measure–but the three-scope approach that we use to measure emissions can be applied in a social context. To measure social impact, we could start by using ...
Software quality measurement quantifies to what extent a software program or system rates along each of these five dimensions. An aggregated measure of software quality can be computed through a qualitative or a quantitative scoring scheme or a mix of both and then a weighting system reflecting the priorities.