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In contract bridge, various bidding systems have been devised to enable partners to describe their hands so that they may reach the optimum contract.Key to this process is that players evaluate and re-evaluate the trick-taking potential of their hands as the auction proceeds and additional information about partner's hand and the opponent's hands becomes available.
The Losing Trick Count, as used by the leading contract bridge tournament players, with examples of expert bidding and expert play. London: Methuen. p. 176. Nine editions published between 1935 and 1947. Republished in 2006 as Losing Trick Count - A Book of Bridge Technique by F. Dudley Courtenay, ISBN 978-1-4067-9716-9.
This is a list of bidding systems used in contract bridge. [1] [2] Systems listed have either had an historical impact on the development of bidding in the game or have been or are currently being used at the national or international levels of competition. Bidding systems are characterized as belonging to one of two broadly defined categories:
A bidding system in contract bridge is the set of agreements and understandings assigned to calls and sequences of calls used by a partnership, and includes a full description of the meaning of each treatment and convention. The purpose of bidding is for each partnership to ascertain which contract, whether made or defeated and whether bid by ...
For example, on the sequence 1 ♣-1 ♠ (with or without opponent's interfering);1NT-2 ♣;2 ♦,2 ♥ will show an invitational hand with minimum five spades and four hearts, 2 ♠ an invitational hand with minimum five spades (in which case one does not have four hearts) or possibly six spades with or without four hearts. 2NT will show a balanced invitational hand, 3 ♣ typically an ...
To keep the bidding open when it is about to be passed out at a low level. For example, if the bidding goes 1 ♥ – (P) – P – (1NT), the 1NT bid is a balancing action. The balancing bid is often made with a hand of substandard strength in order to prevent the opponents from securing a low-level contract. Balanced distribution
Diagrams are used to illustrate a deal of 52 cards in four hands in the game of contract bridge. [1] Each hand is designated by a point on the compass and so North–South are partners against East–West. Suit features include: Each line represents a suit, indicated by its symbol – ♠ for spades, ♥ for hearts, ♦ for diamonds, and ♣ ...
Bridge conventions can be classified according to their purpose: Opening bid conventions. Strong opening bids are used for hands stronger than the "normal" opening bid range (12-20 points in natural systems, 12-15/17 points in artificial systems) Strong two clubs in natural systems denote hands of 22+ high card points; Benjamin Twos in natural ...