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This is a list of countries and sovereign states by temperature.. Average yearly temperature is calculated by averaging the minimum and maximum daily temperatures in the country, averaged for the years 1991 – 2020, from World Bank Group, derived from raw gridded climatologies from the Climatic Research Unit.
In simpler wording: the global surface temperature (GST) is calculated by averaging the temperatures over sea ( sea surface temperature) and land ( surface air temperature ). In comparison, the global mean surface air temperature (GSAT) is the "global average of near-surface air temperatures over land, oceans and sea ice.
According to the website, each monthly issue "contains monthly mean temperature, pressure, precipitation, vapor pressure, and sunshine for approximately 2,000 surface data collection stations worldwide and monthly mean upper air temperatures, dew point depressions, and wind velocities for approximately 500 observing sites.
According to IPCC Sixth Assessment Report, in the last 170 years, humans have caused the global temperature to increase to the highest level in the last 2,000 years. The current multi-century period is the warmest in the past 100,000 years. [ 3] The temperature in the years 2011-2020 was 1.09 °C higher than in 1859–1890.
The highest natural ground surface temperature ever recorded may have been an alleged reading of 93.9 °C (201.0 °F) at Furnace Creek, California, United States, on 15 July 1972. [ 7] In 2011, a ground temperature of 84 °C (183.2 °F) was recorded in Port Sudan, Sudan. [ 8] The theoretical maximum possible ground surface temperature has been ...
Warming stripes. An early (2018) warming stripes graphic published by their originator, climatologist Ed Hawkins. [ 1] The progression from blue (cooler) to red (warmer) stripes portrays annual increases of global average temperature since 1850 (left side of graphic) until the date of the graphic (right side). [ 2]
500 million years of climate change Ice core data for the past 400,000 years, with the present at right. Note length of glacial cycles averages ~100,000 years. Blue curve is temperature, green curve is CO 2, and red curve is windblown glacial dust (loess). Scale: Millions of years before present, earlier dates approximate.
Climate change. Changes in surface air temperature over the past 50 years. [ 1] The Arctic has warmed the most, and temperatures on land have generally increased more than sea surface temperatures. Earth's average surface air temperature has increased almost 1.5 °C (about 2.5 °F) since the Industrial Revolution.