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  2. Perception of English /r/ and /l/ by Japanese speakers

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perception_of_English_/r/...

    The Japanese liquid is most often realized as an alveolar tap [ɾ], though there is some variation depending on phonetic context. [1] /r/ of American English (the dialect Japanese speakers are typically exposed to) is most commonly a postalveolar central approximant with simultaneous secondary pharyngeal constriction [ɹ̠ˤ] or less commonly a retroflex approximant [ɻ].

  3. Proper Cantonese pronunciation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proper_Cantonese_pronunciation

    Proper Cantonese pronunciation (Chinese: 粵語正音運動; Jyutping: jyut6 jyu5 zing3 jam1 wan6 dung6) is a campaign in Hong Kong started from the 1980s and led by scholar Richard Ho (何文匯) to promote the "proper pronunciation" in the Cantonese language. The prescriptive nature of the campaign has led to controversies.

  4. Ejective consonant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejective_consonant

    In producing an ejective, the stylohyoid muscle and digastric muscle contract, causing the hyoid bone and the connected glottis to rise, and the forward articulation (at the velum in the case of [kʼ]) is held, raising air pressure greatly in the mouth so when the oral articulators separate, there is a dramatic burst of air. [1]

  5. Voiced labiodental approximant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_labiodental_approximant

    It is something between an English /w/ and /v/, pronounced with the teeth and lips held in the position used to articulate the letter V. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ʋ , a letter v with a leftward hook protruding from the upper right of the letter, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is P or v\ .

  6. Comparison of General American and Received Pronunciation

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_General...

    Rhoticity – GA is rhotic while RP is non-rhotic; that is, the phoneme /r/ is only pronounced in RP when it is immediately followed by a vowel sound. [5] Where GA pronounces /r/ before a consonant and at the end of an utterance, RP either has no consonant (if the preceding vowel is /ɔː/, /ɜ:/ or /ɑː/, as in bore, burr and bar) or has a schwa instead (the resulting sequences being ...

  7. Trill consonant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trill_consonant

    [6] [7] Voiceless trills occur phonemically in e.g. Welsh and Icelandic. (See also voiceless alveolar trill, voiceless retroflex trill, voiceless uvular trill.) Mangbetu and Ninde have phonemically voiceless bilabial trills. The Czech language has two contrastive alveolar trills, one a fricative trill (written ř in the orthography).

  8. Pharyngealization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharyngealization

    pharyngealized voiced dental fricative [ðˤ] ⓘ (in Arabic ظ, and as [θ̬ˤ], a variant pronunciation in Mehri) pharyngealized voiceless alveolar lateral fricative [ɬˤ] pharyngealized voiced alveolar lateral fricative [ɮˤ] ⓘ (in Soqotri, a variant pronunciation in Mehri, and postulated for Classical Arabic)

  9. International Phonetic Alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic...

    Square brackets are used with phonetic notation, whether broad or narrow [17] – that is, for actual pronunciation, possibly including details of the pronunciation that may not be used for distinguishing words in the language being transcribed, but which the author nonetheless wishes to document. Such phonetic notation is the primary function ...