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The patella (pl.: patellae or patellas), also known as the kneecap, is a flat, rounded triangular bone which articulates with the femur (thigh bone) and covers and protects the anterior articular surface of the knee joint. The patella is found in many tetrapods, such as mice, cats, birds and dogs, but not in whales, or most reptiles.
The patellar tendon is a strong, flat ligament, which originates on the apex of the patella distally and adjoining margins of the patella and the rough depression on its posterior surface; below, it inserts on the tuberosity of the tibia; its superficial fibers are continuous over the front of the patella with those of the tendon of the quadriceps femoris.
Flat bone. Flat bones are bones whose principal function is either extensive protection or the provision of broad surfaces for muscular attachment. These bones are expanded into broad, flat plates, [1] as in the cranium (skull), the ilium, ischium, and pubis (pelvis), sternum and the rib cage. The flat bones are: the occipital, parietal ...
Patellar tendonitis: Also known as jumper's knee, this condition involves inflammation of the patellar tendon, which connects the kneecap (patella) to the shinbone. Patellar tendonitis is common ...
Gross features. Bones are commonly described with the terms head, neck, shaft, body and base. The head of a bone usually refers to the distal end of the bone. The shaft refers to the elongated sections of long bone, and the neck the segment between the head and shaft (or body). The end of the long bone opposite to the head is known as the base.
In anatomy, a sesamoid bone (/ ˈsɛsəmɔɪd /) [ 1 ][ 2 ] is a bone embedded within a tendon or a muscle. [ 3 ] Its name is derived from the Greek word for ' sesame seed', indicating the small size of most sesamoids. Often, these bones form in response to strain, [ 4 ] or can be present as a normal variant. The patella is the largest sesamoid ...
A patellar dislocation is a knee injury in which the patella (kneecap) slips out of its normal position. [5] Often the knee is partly bent, painful and swollen. [1] [2] The patella is also often felt and seen out of place. [1] Complications may include a patella fracture or arthritis. [3]
Most of the bones of the skull are flat bones, as is the sternum. [39] Sesamoid bones are bones embedded in tendons. Since they act to hold the tendon further away from the joint, the angle of the tendon is increased and thus the leverage of the muscle is increased. Examples of sesamoid bones are the patella and the pisiform. [40]
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