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Stone slabs require a very heavyweight roof structure, but their weight makes them stormproof. An obsolete roofing material, now used commercially only for building restoration. Collyweston stone slate named after the village of Collyweston; Solar shingle; Metal shakes or shingles. Long life. High cost, suitable for roofs of 3:12 pitch or greater.
Satari: A Swedish variant on the monitor roof; a double hip roof with a short vertical wall usually with small windows, popular from the 17th century on formal buildings. [citation needed] (Säteritak in Swedish.) Mansard (French roof): A roof with the pitch divided into a shallow slope above a steeper slope. The steep slope may be curved.
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Shell structure of the TWA Flight Center Building by Eero Saarinen, John F. Kennedy International Airport, New York The Forest Opera, an open-air amphitheatre in Sopot, Poland, with a membrane roof. Great Court, with a lattice thin-shell roof by Buro Happold with Norman Foster, British Museum, London. A shell is a three-dimensional solid ...
Roof shingles, like other building materials on vernacular buildings, are typically of a material locally available. The type of shingle is taken into account before construction because the material affects the roof pitch and construction method: Some shingles can be installed on lath where others need solid sheathing (sheeting) on the roof deck .
The cement is typically a very rich mix of sand and cement in a 3:1 ratio; when used for making boards, no gravel is used, so that the material is not concrete. Ferrocement is used to construct relatively thin, hard, strong surfaces and structures in many shapes such as hulls for boats, shell roofs, and water tanks.
Movable roof of the Bengt Sjostrom Theatre in Rockford, Illinois able to modulate the indoor environmental conditions to maximize the occupants' experience. In building engineering, a climate-adaptive building shell (CABS) is a façade or roof that interacts with the variability of its environment in a dynamic way. Conventional structures have ...
The double-shell domes were either discontinuous or continuous. [111] The domed enclosure of the Jameh Mosque of Isfahan , built in 1086-7 by Nizam al-Mulk , was the largest masonry dome in the Islamic world at that time, had eight ribs, and introduced a new form of corner squinch with two quarter domes supporting a short barrel vault.