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The orchestra is divided into four groups (five if a keyboard instrument is used) and specified as follows: [1] Woodwind instruments: flutes, oboes, clarinets, saxophones (if one or more are needed), bassoons; Brass instruments: horns, trumpets, trombones, tubas; Percussion: timpani, snare drum, bass drum, chimes, etc.
A short sample of the sound of the bass clarinet Four modern short bass clarinets, from left to right Leblanc L400, Signet Selmer 1430P, E. M. Winston, Leblanc 330S Two short bass clarinets, on the right side made from boxwood. The bass clarinet is a musical instrument of the clarinet family.
Common examples include flute, clarinet, oboe, bassoon, and saxophone. There are two main types of woodwind instruments: flutes and reed instruments (otherwise called reed pipes). The main distinction between these instruments and other wind instruments is the way in which they produce sound. [ 1 ]
The contrabassoon is a very deep-sounding woodwind instrument that plays in the same sub-bass register as the tuba, double bass, or contrabass clarinet.It has a sounding range beginning at B ♭ 0 (or A 0, on some instruments) and extending up over three octaves to D 4, though the highest fourth is rarely scored for.
Bass clarinet — An octave below the B ♭ clarinet often with an extended low range. B ♭ bass clarinet — The standard bass. Common variants extend to either low C or low E ♭. “A” bass clarinet — Very rare today, more common around 1900, though bass clarinets in A and C as well as B ♭ were being advertised at least through 1927. [7]
When the soprano and alto are notated in one staff, all stems for the soprano go up, and all for the alto go down. Similarly, when the tenor and bass are notated in one staff, the upper voice is marked by stems up, and both voices are written in bass clef, while the tenor is usually written in treble clef marked an octave down if it has its own staff.
The contra-alto clarinet [2] is largely a development of the 2nd half of the 20th century, although there were some precursors in the 19th century: . In 1829, Johann Heinrich Gottlieb Streitwolf [], an instrument maker in Göttingen, introduced an instrument tuned in F in the shape and fingering of a basset horn, which could be called a contrabasset horn because it played an octave lower than it.
For example, Mahler in his Symphony No. 8 (1910) employs 2 piccolos, 4 flutes, 4 oboes, cor anglais, 2 E-flat clarinets, 3 B-flat clarinets, bass clarinet, 4 bassoons, and contrabassoon. [1] After World War I , the number of instruments was often reduced, approaching the size of a chamber orchestra , with individual instrument combinations ...