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According to the Congressional Research Service, George W. Bush made 171 such appointments, while Bill Clinton made 139 and Barack Obama made at least 32 recess appointments.
In the United States, a recess appointment is an appointment by the president of a federal official when the U.S. Senate is in recess.Under the U.S. Constitution's Appointments Clause, the president is empowered to nominate, and with the advice and consent (confirmation) of the Senate, make appointments to high-level policy-making positions in federal departments, agencies, boards, and ...
For all the drama generated every four years by Cabinet appointments, defeat of a nominee by a vote in the Senate is extremely rare. Cabinet confirmation process and recess appointments, explained ...
The nomination originally stood at a 40–40 deadlock, but Vice President Charles G. Dawes did not arrive in the Senate chamber in time to use his tie-breaking vote before Senator Lee S. Overman of North Carolina switched his vote. [7] Coolidge resubmitted the nomination to the Senate, but Warren was again rejected on March 16, by a vote of 39 ...
Essentially, recess apppointments are when the president appoints a nominee to a Senate-confirmed position when the Senate is out of session, bypassing the need for colleagues’ say-so.
In practice, Congress has usually provided for its existing session to resume after a recess spanning the election. (In 1954, only the Senate returned in this way, while the House adjourned sine die.) In 1940, 1942, and 2002, Congress continued meeting, sometimes in pro forma sessions every third day, until well after the election.
The Supreme Court upheld this practice in 2014, ruling that a president can only make a recess appointment when the Senate is out of session for 10 days or longer.
The Water Conservation Act of 2009 (also known as Senate Bill X7-7 or SB X7-7 [1]) is a California state law that requires the state to reduce urban water consumption by 20% by the year 2020. It originated as a bill written by Democratic Senator Darrell Steinberg and was enacted on November 10, 2009. [ 1 ]