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C. gattii notable for more causing cryptococcosis even in immunocompetent [12] /otherwise healthy individuals. [1] Unlike Cryptococcus neoformans, C. gattii is not particularly associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection or other forms of immunosuppression. Increased virulence may be related to its capability to rapidly proliferate ...
Cryptococcosis is a potentially fatal fungal infection of mainly the lungs, presenting as a pneumonia, and in the brain, where it appears as a meningitis. [4] [9] [12] Coughing, difficulty breathing, chest pain and fever are seen when the lungs are infected. [5]
[1] [7] Systemic fungal infections are more serious and include cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, pneumocystis pneumonia, aspergillosis and mucormycosis. [3] Signs and symptoms range widely. [3] There is usually a rash with superficial infection. [2] Fungal infection within the skin or under the skin may present with a lump and skin changes. [3]
Symptoms can range from mild to extreme—often described as extreme flu-like symptoms. Many symptoms may be associated with fungemia, including pain, acute confusion, chronic fatigue, and infections. Skin infections can include persistent or non-healing wounds and lesions, sweating, itching, and unusual discharge or drainage. [citation needed]
The current treatment options for cryptococcosis are not optimal for treatment. [3] AmB is highly toxic to humans, and both fluconazole and flucytosine have been shown to cause development of drug resistanse in C. neoformans. A recent study from 2024 suggested brilacidin as an alternative treatment option. [36]
The majority of Cryptococcus species live in the soil and do not cause disease in humans. Cryptococcus neoformans is the major human and animal pathogen. Papiliotrema laurentii and Naganishia albida, both formerly referred to Cryptococcus, have been known to occasionally cause moderate-to-severe disease in human patients with compromised immunity.
Cryptococcus is a genus of fungi in the family Cryptococcaceae that includes both yeasts and filamentous species.The filamentous, sexual forms or teleomorphs were formerly classified in the genus Filobasidiella, while Cryptococcus was reserved for the yeasts.
Inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDDs), sometimes called Idiopathic (IIDDs) due to the unknown etiology of some of them, are a heterogenous group of demyelinating diseases - conditions that cause damage to myelin, the protective sheath of nerve fibers - that occur against the background of an acute or chronic inflammatory process.