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  2. Battle of Gaugamela - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Gaugamela

    The Battle of Gaugamela (/ ˌ ɡ ɔː ɡ ə ˈ m iː l ə / GAW-gə-MEE-lə; Ancient Greek: Γαυγάμηλα, romanized: Gaugámēla, lit. 'the Camel's House'), also called the Battle of Arbela (Ἄρβηλα, Árbēla), took place in 331 BC between the forces of the Army of Macedon under Alexander the Great and the Persian Army under King Darius III.

  3. 331 BC - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/331_BC

    The Battle of Gaugamela. Year 331 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Potitus and Marcellus (or, less frequently, year 423 Ab urbe condita).

  4. Babylonian astronomical diaries - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babylonian_astronomical...

    An astronomical diary recording the death of Alexander the Great (British Museum). The Babylonian astronomical diaries are a collection of Babylonian cuneiform texts written in Akkadian language that contain systematic records of astronomical observations and political events, predictions based on astronomical observations, weather reports, and commodity prices, kept for about 600 years, from ...

  5. Anabasis of Alexander - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabasis_of_Alexander

    Arrian's Anabasis has traditionally been regarded as the most reliable extant narrative source for Alexander's campaigns. Since the 1970s, however, a more critical view of Arrian has become widespread, due largely to the work of A. B. Bosworth, who has drawn scholars' attention to Arrian's tendency to hagiography and apologia, not to mention several passages where Arrian can be shown (by ...

  6. Hephaestion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hephaestion

    Robin Lane Fox has suggested that a conversation with Hephaestion may have won Mazaeus over: "It is conceivable that the battle of Gaugamela was partly won on the banks of the Euphrates and that Mazaeus' reinstatement was less a sign of magnanimity than of a prearranged reward." [17] It is at Gaugamela that mention is first made of Hephaestion ...

  7. Sisygambis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sisygambis

    At the Battle of Gaugamela, Sisygambis and her family were kept within the baggage train behind Alexander's army. When the Persian army's Scythian cavalry broke through Alexander's forces to reach them, she allegedly refused to celebrate what appeared at first to be Persian victory. [ 1 ]

  8. Scythed chariot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scythed_chariot

    The scythed chariot was a modified war chariot. The blades extended horizontally for about 1 m (3 ft 3 in) to each side of the wheels. The Greek general Xenophon (430−354 BC), an eyewitness at the battle of Cunaxa, tells of them: "These had thin scythes extending at an angle from the axles and also under the driver's seat, turned toward the ground".

  9. Michał Marciak - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michał_Marciak

    Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... Pirowski, T. (2021). "The Battle of Gaugamela and the Question of Visibility on the Battlefield ...